In this paper we discuss three important econometric problems with the estimation of Environmental Kuznets Curves, which we exemplify with the particular example of the Carbon Kuznets Curve (CKC). The Carbon Kuznets hypothesis postulates an inverse U–shaped relationship between per capita GDP and per capita CO2 emissions. All three problems occur in the presence of unit root nonstationary regre...

The paper presents univariate and panel unit root tests for gasoline and oil price convergence over the last decade. We test for the absolute versus relative version of the LOOP and estimate the speed of convergence as well as its development over time. Our results show that the absolute version of the LOOP cannot be supported. Constant price differences between countries remain, caused mainly ...

The paper presents univariate and panel unit root tests for gasoline and oil price convergence over the last decade. We test for the absolute versus relative version of the LOOP and estimate the speed of convergence as well as its development over time. Our results show that the absolute version of the LOOP cannot be supported. Constant price differences between countries remain, caused mainly ...

Oil price volatility has increased tremendously in the last decade and become most difficult commodity to predict. The of Brent crude oil was 42 US dollars 2020, whereas it is 72 today. All countries are adversely affected by this volatility. But severity differs between countries. Especially oil-exporting expected be more negatively. Among bordering Caspian Sea, national incomes Russia, Iran, ...

This paper examines the asymptotics of the QMLE for unit root spatial dynamic panel data models with …xed e¤ects. When the exogenous variables or …xed e¤ects are included in the DGP, the estimate for the dynamic coe¢ cient is p nT 3 consistent and the estimates of other parameters are p nT consistent, and all of them are asymptotically normal. Also, sum of the contemporaneous spatial e¤ect and ...

This paper examines the impact of GDP, human development, unemployment and globalization on obesity rates in EU countries from 1990 to 2019. Hausman’s test was applied for fixed random effects panel data. The Pesaran Hsiao tests assessed cross-sectional dependence homogeneity (heterogeneity) slope between countries. A second generation unit root carried out using CIPS by Pesaran, Westerlund use...

This research investigates the relationships among renewable energy consumption, economic growth, and financial development in five sub-Saharan African nations utilizing panel data from 2000 to 2020. Econometric methods are used ascertain existence or absence of cross-sectional dependence short-run long-run connections between following factors: Pesaran (CD) cross-sectionally augmented IPS (CIP...

In this paper, we consider and examine the performance of two-step LM unit root tests with trend-breaks. In the first step, we jointly test for the existence and location of breaks using a maximum F-test. In the second step, we utilize the identified breaks and test for a unit root. A transformation procedure is adopted so that the tests with trend-breaks are invariant to nuisance parameters. W...

The stability of macroeconomic variables and whether the impact a shock on these is permanent or temporary important for policy-makers researchers. As an indicator growth prosperity, gross domestic product (GDP) among variables. After all, due to advantages current panel data analysis techniques over conventional methods, it use aforementioned methods in analyzing existence unit-root GDP. Accor...