abstract backgrounds: subacromial impingement is a common cause of shoulder pain and many patients with this condition recover with conservative management. the most commonly used modalities of nonoperative treatment include activity modification, anti-inflammatory medication and subacromial injection of steroid and ultrasound and physical therapy programs. this study assessed the value of phys...

BACKGROUND Pain associated with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is frequently excruciating and intractable. The use of botulinum toxin for relief of CRPS-associated pain has not been well described. OBJECTIVES To assess whether intramuscular botulinum toxin injections cause relief of pain caused by CRPS, and to assess the risks of this treatment. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective chart revie...

conclusions although the results of this study showed superiority of application of emla cream as a topical anesthetic for pain relief of blood sampling, both lidocaine 5% and benzocaine 5% offer considerable efficacy in pain relief of venipuncture. results at the end of study, the emla products (a and b) caused a significant decrease in pain (p < 0.05) in comparison with the products c (lidoca...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of the cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection (CIESI) for unilateral radiculopathy by the midline or paramedian approaches and to determine the prognostic factors of CIESI. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 182 patients who underwent CIESI from January 2009 to December 2012. Inclusion criteria...

the effect of manual pressure on intramuscular injection pain severity     nasiry h [1] , rahmani anaraki h [2] , asayesh h [3] *, hesam m [4] , shariati ar [5] , bathai sa [6]     received: 10 dec , 2012 accepted: 21 feb , 2013     abstract:   background & aims : pain is one of the common experiences with intramuscular (im) injection. pain relieving technique is very important in promotion of ...

BACKGROUND Spondylolisthesis is the major cause of refractory low back pain. There are many studies of the surgical treatment of spondylolisthesis, but few of conservative treatments. There is also no optimal conservative treatment protocol, however, low back pain caused by low-grade spondylolisthesis is controlled with non-surgical pain management. Acupuncture has become a useful method for tr...

ow back pain combined with radicular pain remains as one of the most challenging musculoskeletal problems for its therapeutic management (1). This malady results from nerve root impingement and/or inflammation that causes neurologic symptoms in the distribution of the affected nerve root(s). Conservative treatment, percutaneous spine interventions and surgery have all been used as treatments; a...

BACKGROUND Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a condition that is becoming increasingly recognized as a common etiology of hip pain in athletes, adolescents, and adults. However, history and clinical examination are often inconclusive in reaching a diagnosis, while imaging often detects asymptomatic abnormalities. Treatment has traditionally been limited to surgery, with the role of conserva...