Phytic acid (IP6) is an essential component of high fiber diet physiologically present in human large gut. It has been recognized to possess various significant health benefits effects including chemopreventive and have antineoplastic activity against various types of cancer. Moreover, its role in immune response through modulation of the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines ha...

Deregulation of a broad range protein kinases has been linked to the development and growth cancer cells. Protein are intracellular enzymes that regulate cell proliferation as well triggering regulation immune responses. important therapeutic targets in because their critical role signalling mechanisms drive malignant characteristics. Intensive efforts drug research have made this area over las...

We have investigated the cellular mechanisms that participate in reducing insulin sensitivity in response to increased oxidant stress in skeletal muscle. Measurement of glucose transport and glycogen synthesis in L6 myotubes showed that insulin stimulated both processes, by 2- and 5-fold, respectively. Acute (30 min) exposure of muscle cells to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) blocked the hormonal ...

Tirumurugaan KG, Jude JA, Kang BN, Panettieri RA, Walseth TF, Kannan MS. TNFinduced CD38 expression in human airway smooth muscle cells: role of MAP kinases and transcription factors NFB and AP-1. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 292: L1385–L1395, 2007. First published February 23, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00472.2006.—In human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells, the expression of CD38, which ...

The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase p38 is a key component of stress response pathways and the target of cytokine-suppressing antiinflammatory drugs (CSAIDs). A genetic approach was employed to inactivate the gene encoding one p38 isoform, p38 a . Mice null for the p38 a allele die during embryonic development. p38 a 1 / 2 embryonic stem (ES) cells grown in the presence of high neomycin ...

Here, we demonstrate that human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) infection upregulates the tumour suppressor p53 and induces phosphorylation of p53 at Ser392. Interestingly, phosphorylation at the equivalent site has previously been shown to correlate with p53 tumour suppression in murine models. Although the signalling pathways leading to Ser392 phosphorylation are poorly understood, they seem to inclu...

Angiotensin II (ANG II) is a multifunctional hormone that exerts potent vasoconstrictor and hypertrophic effects on vascular smooth muscle. Here, we demonstrate that the p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway is involved in ANG II-induced vascular contraction. Addition of ANG II to rat aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC) caused a rapid and transient increase of p38 activity through act...

Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK), a member of the AMP serine/threonine kinase family, exhibits multiple features consistent with the potential utility of this gene as an anticancer target. Reports show that MELK functions as a cancer-specific protein kinase, and that down-regulation of MELK results in growth suppression of breast cancer cells. There are many inhibitors which bind...

The atherogenic effect of the renin-angiotensin system can be explained, in part, by the influence of its effector, angiotensin II (Ang II), on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth. There is evidence that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a role in the atherogenesis and activation of mitogen-activating protein (MAP) kinases, which are involved in proliferation and differentiation. The stu...

PURPOSE An early and significant event in diabetic retinopathy is the loss of retinal microvascular pericytes. Studies were performed to investigate pathways through which an advanced glycation endproduct and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha stimulate apoptosis in retinal pericytes through the activation of the pro-apoptotic transcription factor Forkhead box O1 (FOXO1). METHODS Human retinal...