BACKGROUND Mothers of young children are increasingly combining paid work with childrearing. Empirical evidence on the effects of maternal employment on children is contradictory and little work has considered the impact of maternal employment within the context of the employment patterns of both parents. METHODS Data on parental employment across three sweeps (when children were in infancy, ...

Associations between water sources, socio-demographic characteristics and household drinking water quality are described in a representative sample of six coastal districts of Ghana's Central Region. Thirty-six enumeration areas (EAs) were randomly chosen from a representative survey of 90 EAs in rural, semi-urban and urban residence strata. In each EA, 24 households were randomly chosen for wa...

OBJECTIVE To describe associations between demographic and individual and area-level socio-economic variables and restricted household food access due to lack of money, inability to lift groceries and lack of access to a car to do food shopping. DESIGN Multilevel study of three measures of restricted food access, i.e. running out of money to buy food, inability to lift groceries and lack of a...

Objective This study aims to characterize household trends in access to improved water sources and sanitaton in Chi Linh Town, Hai Duong Province, Vietnam, and to identify factors affecting those trends. Method Data were extracted from the Chi Linh Health and Demographic Surveillance System (CHILILAB HDSS) database from 2004-2014, which included household access to improved water sources, hou...

INTRODUCTION Low and middle income countries bear the majority burden of self-harm, yet there is a paucity of evidence detailing risk-factors for self-harm in these populations. This study aims to identify environmental, socio-economic and demographic household-level risk factors for self-harm in five impoverished urban communities in Johannesburg, South Africa. METHODS Annual serial cross-se...

OBJECTIVES To assess the proportion of pre-school children meeting reference nutrient intakes (RNIs) and recommendations for daily intakes of iron, zinc, vitamins C and A, and energy from non-milk extrinsic sugars. To assess whether meeting these five dietary requirements was related to a series of socio-economic variables. DESIGN Secondary analysis of data on daily consumption of foods and d...

Household energy use is increasingly important in the context of fuel poverty and the equity debate as well as in relation to energy saving and efficiency policies. We first explore the link between household energy spending and income. We use a panel dataset from a comprehensive survey of UK households from 1991 to 2007 comprising over 77,000 observations to analyse electricity, gas, and overa...

Domestic tourism has an important role in socio-economic development in several ways including creating jobs and improving income distribution. Although several researcheshave been done on tourism demand, a small proportion of them have been on domestic tourism. In this paper, the price and expenditure elasticities of the household demand for domestic tourism in Iran, focusing on the case of Ha...

this paper evaluates the welfare effects of price changes in the main commodity groups in iran. using the iranian urban households’ data issued by the iranian statistics center over the period 1994-2007 we estimate the subsistence level. in addition, using the results from the linear expenditure system we calculate the price and income elasticities along with the compensation and equivalent var...

The study investigated socio-demographic factors and product attributes affecting purchase decision of special rice by Malaysian consumer. The primary data were analyzed by using binary logit model. Demographic factors and consumer preference for special rice (with reference to basmati rice) attributes were identified to affect purchasing behavior for special rice. Size of household, marital st...