biosynthesis of plant pigments is affected by environmental factors especially light intensity. an expriment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different light intensities on photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic pigments of two rose cultivars including ‘red one’ and ‘gulmira’ under greenhouse conditions. in this experiment, the effects of different light intensities including 240, 520 and...

to evaluate the effect of different light intensities on the degree of conversion (dc) of dual-cured resin cement at different depths of translucent fiber posts.thirty translucent fiber posts were randomly assigned into three (n=10) groups. they were cemented in the simulated canal spaces using duo-link dual-cured resin cement. the cement was light-cured under 600, 800 and 1100 mw/cm(2) light i...

in this paper we modified a simple two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide by creating micro cavity resonators in order to increase the output light emission which can be applicable to photonic integrated circuits. The micro cavity resonators are constructed by removing two tubes close to the waveguide output. Coupling emitted light from waveguide with those micro cavities, results increasin...

The conical air-void structure of an InGaN light-emitting diode (LEDs) was formed at the GaN/sapphire interface to increase the light extraction efficiency. The fabrication process of the conical air-void structure consisted of a dry process and a crystallographic wet etching process on an undoped GaN layer, followed by a re-growth process for the InGaN LED structure. A higher light output powe...

Context:The quality of light curing units can profoundly influence mechanical properties dental composite materials. Aim: To compare effect Woodpecker RTA Mini-S and Elipar Deep Cure-L onmechanical (compressive strength, diametral tensile strength microhardness) Filtek Bulk-Fill. Methods Materials: A total 32 samples Bulk Fill were divided into 2 equal groups (n=16). 12 in each group fabricated...

We performed a calculation of the corona colors that employed Mie theory to obtain the scattered light intensity. The scattered intensity was integrated over the visible spectrum for a number of different cloud droplet size distriubtions. The results were converted to chromaticity coordinates, convolved with the angular size of the sun, and plotted on the 1931 CIE chromaticity diagram. The resu...

We report a single-step lithographic approach for precisely mapping near field light diffraction in photoresist and fabricating complex subwavelength structures. This method relies on the diffraction of UV light from opaque patterns on a photomask, and utilizes the central diffraction maximum (known as the 'Poisson spot' for an opaque disk) and its higher orders. By correlating pattern geometri...

objectives: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of conventional and high-power light emitting diode (led) light curing units on shear bond strength (sbs) of metal and ceramic brackets to tooth surface. materials and methods: forty sound bovine maxillary central incisors were used for the study. the teeth were divided into four groups (n=10). teeth surfaces were etched with 37% phos...