We have previously reported that osmotic stress prominently induces the DNA binding activity of the heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1). In the present study, we examined the effects of medium osmolarity on both the activation of HSF1 and the programmed cell death in normal human fibroblasts during cellular senescence. The activation of HSF1 occurred rapidly in presenescent (early passage)...

The transport of water from concentrated to dilute solutions which occurs in the kidney and in a variety of living cells presents a problem of fundamental importance. If the cell acts as an osmometer we may expect to bring about such transport by creating an inwardly directed osmotic drive which is higher in one part of the cell than in other regions of the same cell. The osmotic drive is defin...

Osmoregulation, the cellular response to environmental changes of osmolarity and ionic strength, is important for the survival of living organisms. We have demonstrated previously that an exposure of mammalian cells to hypo-osmotic stress, either in growth medium (30% growth medium and 70% water) or in binary solution containing sorbitol and water, prominently induced the DNA-binding activity o...

The moderating role of salicylic acid (SA) and putrescine (PUS) as plant growth regulators (PGRs), on the growth parameters and phytochemical and qualitative characteristics of strawberry fruit 'Selva' under osmotic stress was investigated under soilless culture. The osmotic potential (salinity) of the nutrient solution containing different NaCl concentrations (0, 7.5, 15, 30 and 45 mM) and fol...

A lysozyme-osmotic shock method is described for fractionation of Alcaligenes faecalis which uses glucose to adjust osmotic strength and multiple osmotic shocks. During phenylethylamine-dependent growth, aromatic amine dehydrogenase, azurin, and a single cytochrome c were localized in the periplasm. Their induction patterns are different from those for the related quinoprotein methylamine dehyd...

Nonglucosylated T6 phage (T6gtam 16am30, hereafter called T6alpha gt-) were found to have two structural anomalies when compared with wild-type T6. The DNA of T6alpha gt- phage contains single-strand interruptions. These can be seen both during infection, in the pool of replicating DNA, and in DNA extracted from purified phage. In addition, the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel pattern ...

The biochemical evidence regarding a recessively transmitted cataractous trait in mice suggests that an apparent deficiency of Na-K ATPase may be involved in the initiation of this type of cataract. The enzyme defect leads to inefficiency of the cation pump mechanism. This abnormality was demonstrable in 13-day-old mice. At this stage the lens teas clear and the electrolyte levels ivere normal....

l. After injection of NaCl into the abdominal hemocoel of BIaberus craniifer, the osmotic concentration of antenna1 hemolymph peaked at 1.25 hr and returned to pre-injection concentration by 21 hr. The mean plasma clearance was 2.67 @/hr. 2. Force-feeding of water 15min after injection of NaCl prevented the early rise in hemolymph osmotic concentration, but a later gradual increase in osmotic c...

This paper details the development of an integrated AC electro-osmotic (ACEO) microfluidic pump for dilute electrolytes consisting of a long serpentine microchannel lined with three dimensional (3D) stepped electrode arrays. Using low AC voltage (1 V rms, 1 kHz), power (5 mW) and current (4.5 mA) in water, the pump is capable of generating a 1.3 kPa head pressure, a 100-fold increase over prior...

Appropriate management of raised intracranial pressure begins with stabilization of the patient and simultaneous assessment of the level of sensorium and the cause of raised intracranial pressure. Stabilization is initiated with securing the airway, ventilation and circulatory function. The identification of surgically remediable conditions is a priority. Emergent use of external ventricular dr...