An excellent, platinum free fiber counter electrode (CE) was successfully fabricated, consisting of porous, single crystalline titanium nitride (TiN) nanoplates grown on carbon fibers (CF). The fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cells (FDSSCs) based on the TiN-CF CE show a high conversion efficiency of 7.20%, comparable or even superior to that of the Pt wire (6.23%).

Fine shape-control of gold nanoparticles was achieved in the presence of an amphiphilic polythiophene with an isothiouronium pendant, by varying the experimental conditions for the crystallization; we succeeded to prepare π-conjugated polythiophene-capped Au nanoplates, Au nanocubes and Au nanoparticles with an average spherical diameter of (7.7 ± 1.6) nm.

In this study, we examined whether catalysts with many defects have excellent photoactivity. We prepared ZnO nanoplates varying degrees of in a short time 4 h by the crystal growth temperature at 50, 100, 150, and 200 °C under strong alkali NaOH atmosphere 4.0 M. During high-temperature preparation ZnO, were reduced crystallinity was further increased. crystallized systems over 100 °C, rhombic ...

This paper presents a simplified simulation technique for orthotropic viscoelastic films. Wrinkling is detected by a combined stress-strain criterion and an iterative scheme searches for the wrinkle angle using a pseudo-elastic material stiffness matrix based on a nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive model. This simplified model has been implemented in ABAQUS/Explicit and is able to compute the ...

A constitutive model for the elastic-plastic behavior of plastically compressible orthotropic materials is proposed based on an ellipsoidal yield surface with evolving ellipticity to accommodate non-uniform hardening or softening associated with stressing in different directions. The model incorporates rate-dependence arising from material rate-dependence and micro-inertial effects. The basic i...

In this investigation, a modified Fourier solution based on the Mindlin plate theory is developed for the free vibration problems of orthotropic rectangular Mindlin plates subjected to general boundary supports. In this solution approach, regardless of the boundary conditions, the plate transverse deflection and rotation due to bending are invariantly expressed as a new form of trigonometric se...

The present work addresses the problem of determining under what conditions the impending slip state or the steady sliding of a linear elastic orthotropic layer or half space with respect to a rigid flat obstacle is dynamically unstable. In other words, we search the conditions for the occurrence of smooth exponentially growing dynamic solutions with perturbed initial conditions arbitrarily clo...

PURPOSE To identify strabismus-related proteins, we performed proteome analysis in monozygotic twins with discordance of congenital esotropic phenotypes and in normal children. METHODS Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) technology was used to detect changes in protein expression in a pair of twins with discordant esotropic phenotypes ...

In this paper static analysis of orthotropic functionally graded material (FGM) cylinders with finite length was carried out by a mesh-free method. MLS shape functions are used for approximation of displacement field in the weak form of equilibrium equation and essential boundary conditions are imposed by transformation method. In this simulation, an ax symmetric model is used. Mechanical prope...

In this paper the radial deformation and the corresponding stresses in a functionally graded orthotropic hollow cylinder with the variation in thickness and density according to power law and rotating about its axis under pressure is investigated by using Seth's transition theory. The material of the cylinder is assumed to be non-homogeneous and orthotropic. This theory helps to achieve better ...