Organophosphorous compounds cause fatal intoxication based on inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, an essential enzyme of neurosynapses and neuromuscular junctions. There is an obvious need to develop appropriate treatment against them due to their application in agriculture and chemical industry or their misuse in terrorist or war attack. In the Czech army some medicaments have been established...

Heavy metals, various pesticide and herbicides are implicated as risk factors for human health. Paraquat, maneb, and rotenone, carbamate, and organophosphorous insecticides are examples of toxicants for which acute and chronic exposure are associated with multiple neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease. Nevertheless, the role of pesticide exposure in neurodegenerative diseases is ...

Persistent organochlorines such as DDT and its metabolites (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), chlordane compounds (CHLs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in whole-body homogenates of resident and migratory birds collected from South India. Organochlorine contamination pattern in birds varied depending on their migratory behaviour. Residen...

BACKGROUND Inuit women are highly exposed through their traditional seafood based diet to organochlorine compounds, some of them displaying endocrine disrupting properties. We hypothesized that this exposure might be related to bone characteristics that are altered in osteoporosis, because hormone deficiency is a known risk factor for the disease. METHODS We measured quantitative ultrasound p...

Organochlorine compounds are released from body fat into the bloodstream during weight loss. Because these compounds may impair thyroid status, which is implicated in the control of resting metabolic rate (RMR), the aim of this study was to determine if the augmentation in plasma organochlorine concentrations might be associated with the decrease in serum T(3) concentration and RMR observed in ...

Seven pairs of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) pups and their dams were sampled during the late weaning season among a breeding population of seals on Elephant Island in Antarctica. The blubber of the pups and the milk and blubber of their dams were analyzed for lipid-normalized concentrations of PCBs and organochlorines compounds in order to evaluate the lactational transfer of thes...

10 A system for the purification of organochlorine contaminated activated carbon is described. The 11 system involves a continuous flow of aqueous ethanol to purge organochlorines from activated 12 carbon. The organochlorine laden solvent is simultaneously treated with zero valent zinc as the 13 bulk electron source, water as the proton source and the electron shuttle cyanocobalamin as a 14 cat...

Three-dimensional microscale assemblies of fluorine-doped titania nanoparticles were synthesized from silica-based diatom microshells (frustules) via a shape-preserving reactive conversion process (as per the method of Unocic et al.). The nanostructured F-doped titania frustules were found to induce rapid hydrolysis of the organophosphorous esters, methyl paraoxon, and methyl parathion (insecti...

To elucidate the role of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme in BBB function, phosalone, an organophosphorous compound, was studied using rat brain micro vessels in vitro. Phosalone at 100 mg/kg b. wt. induced convulsions and caused a significant inhibition of AChE resulting in increased permeability as assessed by volume distribution. The anaesthetized phosalone treated group also increased per...

Attempted suicide due to overdose with toxic chemicals and medication is on the rise. Among the survivors of attempted suicide, the most frequent psychiatric diagnosis when analysed post hoc, seems to be reactive depression and personality disorders. We conducted a retrospective study of patients who attempted suicide by self poisoning in a teaching general hospital. The most frequent LCD. 10 p...