Mineral ores are full of metals, some very precious – but how to extract them? The Hamersley mines in the Pilbara in Western Australia contain such rich iron ore that it can almost be welded as it comes out of the ground. Traditionally, metals are extracted by ‘smelting’ or pyrometallurgy, the thermal treatment of minerals and metallurgical ores and concentrates to bring about physical and chem...

The organic volatile flavor compounds in fermented stinky tofu (FST) were studied using SPME-GC/MS. A total of 39 volatile compounds were identified, including nine esters, seven alcohols, five alkenes, four sulfides, three heterocycles, three carboxylic acids, three ketones, two aldehydes, one phenol, one amine and one ether. These compounds were determined by MS, and conformed by comparison o...

Introduction: Nanophase Fe-sulfides in association with amorphous silicates are ubiquitous components of the matrices of the most primitive carbonaceous chondrites [1,2], chondritic in-terplanetary dust particles [3-5], and samples from Comet 81P/Wild 2 [6,7]. Furthermore, observations of the outer disks of young stellar objects suggest that sulfides may be the primary reservoirs for S [e.g., 8...

Seagrass meadows rank amongst the most productive ecosystems on Earth, growing along tropical and temperate coasts, where they have important structural and biogeochemical functions (Hemminga & Duarte 2000). Seagrasses are clonal plants, which expand into new areas vegetatively by adding modules produced by the meristems located at the rhizome apices, rendering seagrass demographics and product...

Components manipulation and structure engineering have shown powerful approaches for tailoring electromagnetic (EM) parameters. However, the integration of controllable architectural compositional complexity into one multiple-layer heterostructure seems significantly effective but remains a considerable challenge, correlative quantized modulation EM parameters is scarce. Herein, three types met...

CuI nanoparticles efficiently catalyzed the C-S cross coupling of aryl and alkyl thiols with aryl halides in the absence of ligands on water under mild conditions. A wide range of diaryl sulfides and aryl alkyl sulfides are synthesized in good to excellent yields utilizing this protocol. This procedure is particularly noteworthy given its mild conditions, avoiding the undesired formation of dis...

A solution processed method for fabricating transition metal sulfides on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) as efficient counter electrodes in iodine/iodide based solar cells has been demonstrated. Conversion efficiencies of 7.01% and 6.50% were obtained for nickel and cobalt sulfides, respectively, comparable to the conventional thermally platinised FTO electrodes (7.32%). A comparable charge tran...

A simple, rapid, precise, and accurate method is described for the simultaneous and quantitative determination of conjugated and unconjugated chlorpromazine metabolites in urine. It depends on reduction of sulfoxides to sulfides, and oxidation of sulfides to ion radicals in a solution of Fe-I-a (lO-N) in l8N H2S04.Absorbance is measured at 422, 530, 565, and 700 nm, and concentration of metabol...

In this study, we report our efforts to elucidate the electronic structures of two lattice structures of lanthanide sulfides (LnS and Ln3S4) and for three lanthanides (Ln = La, Sm and Gd) using density functional theory calculations performed with the CASTEP code. A DFT+U method was used for the corrections of on-site Coulomb interactions with U = 6 eV. The calculated electronic structures show...

Enantiopure sulfoxides are prevalent in drugs and are useful chiral auxiliaries in organic synthesis. The biocatalytic enantioselective oxidation of prochiral sulfides is a direct and economical approach for the synthesis of optically pure sulfoxides. The selection of suitable biocatalysts requires rapid and reliable high-throughput screening methods. Here we present four different methods for ...