The distributions of fluorescent components in dissolved organic matter (DOM) from Ise Bay, Japan, were determined by excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). Three terrestrial humic-like, one marine humic-like, and three non–humic-like fluorescent components were identified by PARAFAC, and the environmental dynamics of individ...

[1] Secondary organic aerosols (SOA), known to form in the atmosphere from oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by anthropogenic and biogenic sources, are a poorly understood but substantial component of atmospheric particles. In this study, we examined the chemical and physical properties of SOA at Bakersfield, California, a site influenced by anthropogenic and terrestrial bi...

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(10)H(12)N(2)O(3)·2H(2)O, contains two organic mol-ecules with similar conformations and four water mol-ecules. Each organic mol-ecule is close to planar (r.m.s. deviations = 0.035 and 0.108 Å) and adopts a trans conformation with respect to its C=N bond. In the crystal, the components are linked into a three-dimensional network by N-H⋯O, O-H⋯O, O-H⋯N...

This article uses revealed preferences of consumers to study the consumer benefits from rBST-free and organic labeled milk. The article specifies and estimates a quadratic AIDS demand system model for different milk types using US supermarket scanner data. The introduction of rBST-free and organic milk is used to estimate consumer benefits, which are decomposed into two components, competitive ...

Surface- and volume-limited chemical reactions on and in atmospheric aerosol particles cause growth while changing organic composition by 13 to 24% per day. Many of these particles contain carbonaceous components from mineral dust and combustion emissions in Africa, Asia, and North America and reveal reaction rates that are three times slower than those typically used in climate models. These s...

Hybrid inorganic–organic solar cells typically combine a transition metal oxide and organic absorber to form the donor–acceptor pair. Here, we explore the use of a rare earth oxide to function as the inorganic component of a hybrid solar cell. Oxidized neodymium (Nd2O3) particles are combined with [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) to form the solar cell active layer. The short c...

The complex organic forms we find in nature are typically difficult to geometrically model using traditional 3D modelling tools. This is because they often have complex surfaces and large number of components, which are tedious to create when manipulating the geometric model directly. One approach to this problem is to generate the geometry through simulation. The Simplicial Developmental Syste...

The major components from Sappi Saiccor’s two bleaching streams of effluent were isolated and purified using chromatographic methods and characterised using NMR and other spectroscopic techniques. The major constituents extracted by organic solvents were identified as a sterol, fatty acids and lignin precursors and differ from the components identified in the pulping effluent stream.

The goals of organic computing are difficult to achieve due to the heterogenity of current software components. We believe that in the long term more advanced software architectures are required, in particular ”LEGO-like” systems with a small number of interface types and maximum combinability of component instances. High combinability is the key for automated reasoning on and controlling of or...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are essential components in numerous natural and man made organic compounds. In asphaltenes, knowledge of the electronic structure of both its aromatic and aliphatic components is of crucial importance, when trying to understand and predict its macroscopic properties. *Correspondence: Uwe Bergmann, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National...