In recent years, the industrial use and importance of boron compounds has further increased with the potential application of boron as hydrogen carrier in the form of BH4 in the exploitation of hydrogen as clean energy. Boron compounds can be produced from a variety of boron minerals and boronrich brines. Colemanite (Ca2B6O11.5H2O), ulexite (NaCaB5O6(OH)6.5H2O) and borax (Na2B4O5(OH)4.8H2O) are...

Thanks to the Kroll process, metallic zirconium can be produced by means of a fairly complicated reduction process. In actual fact, the ore is found as a by-product when mining titanium and tin ore. Since 2003, the price of zirconium has more than doubled. This is the result of increasing demand and also the fact that a considerable amount of energy is needed to release zirconium from its chemi...

Bioleaching is technologically feasible for extraction of manganese from low grade ores (containing manganese less than 35% by weight). The principle involves the non-enzymatic reduction of pyrolusite [Mn(IV) oxides] to +2 oxidation state by fungi with the production of metabolites such as oxalic acid and citric acid. In the present investigation, a fungal strain, Penicillium citrinum was isola...

Purpose. The research purpose is to study the effectiveness of artificial maintenance mined-out space based on use cable bolts reduce dilution coefficient when mining low-thickness ore bodies. Methods. Geotechnical mapping rock mass according Q, RMR, RQD and GSI rating classifications conducted, as well a linear survey fracture system in hanging wall footwall rocks performed using compass GEO I...

The magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of porphyry-style mineralization in the shallow crust that is linked to magmatic processes at depth has been extensively studied using bulksample isotopic analysis combined with relative timing constraints. However, a lack of evaluation of the fluid evolution process against an absolute time frame limits further understanding of the ore-forming process. Here,...

The synergetic utilization of ferruginous gibbsite ores (Al-Fe ores) and manganese (Mn-Fe by the carbothermic co-reduction roasting–magnetic separation process was proposed as an innovative green for recovery valuable metal elements Mn, Fe Al from these ores. In this paper, a ferromanganese crude alloy with 72.47% 10.19% Mn high 85.89% prepared, which produces acceptable feed to produce steels ...

Industrial CO2 emission mitigation necessitates holistic technology concepts; especially in high-emission industrial sectors like the iron and steel industry. A novel direct reduction with hydrogen reduces emissions production from siderite ore by more than 60 %. Subsequent valorization of process gas, consisting unconverted hydrogen, carbon monoxide, CO2, catalytic hydrogenation to methane met...

The carbothermic co-reduction of nickel laterite ore and red mud realized the simultaneous reduction nickel, iron in ore, at high efficiency. Nickel were recovered form ferronickel. size characteristics ferronickel particles grindability products are essential for obtaining good technical indicators. influence conditions on particle relative was investigated by a test, analysis, determination. ...

J. Korol, Central Mining Institute, Department of Material Engineering, Poland D. Burchart-Korol, A. Smoliński, Central Mining Institute, Department of Energy Saving and Air Protection, Poland In this study composition of sinter mixtures used in Polish sinter plants were established. Seven sinter mixtures composition were examined, based on iron-bearing materials, admixtures and fuels.