In this article, we use a discount factor asset pricing method to price the internal growth opportunities of biotechnology of Taiwan which is the most popular industrial in the world since the internal growth opportunities depend on the success of finishing the R&D project of driver IC, we value it as a real option. To let our model be more concretely, we treat the internal growth opportunities...

The scenario of established business sellers utilizing online auction markets to reach consumers and sell new products is becoming increasingly common. We propose a class of risk management tools, loosely based on the concept of financial options that can be employed by such sellers. While conceptually similar to options in financial markets, we empirically demonstrate that option instruments w...

In this work, two models are proposed for electricity prices as energy commodity prices which in addition to mean-reverting properties have jumps and spikes, due to non-storability of electricity. The models are simulated using an Euler scheme, and then the Monte-Carlo method is used to estimate the expectation of the discounted cash-flow under historical probability, which is considered as the...

According to the volatility feedback effect, an unexpected increase in squared volatility leads to an immediate decline in the price–dividend ratio. In this paper, we consider the properties of stock price dynamics and option valuations under the volatility feedback effect bymodeling the joint dynamics of stock price, dividends, and volatility in continuous time. Most importantly, our model pre...

2.1 THE BASIC FRAMEWORK....................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 RISK AVERSION.................................................................................................................................... 5 2.3 THE VALUE OF CHANGES IN RISK ......................................................................

We use a notion of stochastic time, here called volatility time, to show convexity of option prices in the underlying asset if the contract function is convex as well as continuity and monotonicity of the option price in the volatility.

Option framing effect is the phenomena that participants often accept more options when they are asked to delete undesired options from a full model (subtractive framing) than they do when they are instructed to add desired options to a base model (additive framing). Whether the same effect exists in different age groups is less well known. To explore the roles of age and purchase motivations o...

Option valuation has been a challenging issue of financial engineering and optimization for a long time. The increasing complexity of market conditions requires utilization of advanced models that, commonly, do not lead to closed-form solutions. Development of novel numerical procedures, which prove to be efficient within various option valuation problems, is therefore worthwhile. Notwithstan...

In this paper we apply Bayesian methods to estimate a stochastic volatility model using both the prices of the asset and the prices of options written on the asset. Implicit posterior densities for the parameters of the volatility model, for the latent volatilities and for the market price of volatility risk are produced. The method involves augmenting the data generating process associated wit...