نتایج جستجو برای: optimum tobacco taxation
تعداد نتایج: 129661 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Trends and affordability of cigarette prices: ample room for tax increases and related health gains.
BACKGROUND Increasing the price of tobacco products is arguably the most effective method of curbing the prevalence and consumption of tobacco products. Price increases would reduce the global burden of disease brought about by tobacco consumption. OBJECTIVES To compare cigarette price data from more than 80 countries using varying methods, examine trends in prices and affordability during th...
effective. Some health campaigners have called for a national food and nutrition policy as the top priority for preventing and controlling cardiovascular disease in developing countriesjust as in Western ones.'2 In practice, however, undernutrition remains a major public health issue in many developing countries, and it may be unrealistic to expect a policy that encourages a low fat, low salt d...
Background: Increasing the price of tobacco products is arguably the most effective method of curbing the prevalence and consumption of tobacco products. Price increases would reduce the global burden of disease brought about by tobacco consumption. Objectives: To compare cigarette price data from more than 80 countries using varying methods, examine trends in prices and affordability during th...
BACKGROUND To curb the tobacco epidemic, successful implementation of tobacco control measures should take into account how specific demographic groups react to particular policies. In 2005-2010, Ukraine experienced a sharp decline in smoking prevalence. In 2008-2010, several excise tax hikes combined with the economic recession resulted in a sharp reduction of tobacco product affordability, bu...
INTRODUCTION In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) over the past two decades locally relevant tobacco control research has been scant. Experience shows that tobacco control measures should be based on sound research findings to ensure that measures are appropriate for local conditions and that they are likely to have an impact. Research should also be integrated within tobacco control mea...
BACKGROUND Tobacco industry interference has been identified as the greatest obstacle to the implementation of evidence-based measures to reduce tobacco use. Understanding and addressing industry interference in public health policy-making is therefore crucial. Existing conceptualisations of corporate political activity (CPA) are embedded in a business perspective and do not attend to CPA's soc...
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