Image segmentation is one of the important tasks in computer vision and image processing. Thresholding is a simple but most effective technique in segmentation. It based on classify image pixels into object and background depended on the relation between the gray level value of the pixels and the threshold. Otsu technique is a robust and fast thresholding techniques for most real world images w...

In this paper, we describe two types of optical security devices: di ractive anti-counterfeiting devices such holograms and microgratings, and encryption techniques such as double-phase encoding and optoelectronic implementation of conventional algorithms. It is shown that holograms are more easily copied than is widely believed, though advanced techniques may soon make duplication far more di ...

   Diffusion of nitrogen in plasma nitrided iron and structural evolution during the nitriding process were evaluated by several characterization techniques including optical microscopy (OM), microhardness depth profiling (HDP), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES), and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS). Plasma ni...