Human health can be strongly influenced by exposure to solar radiation. Interactions relevant for health take place mainly in the skin. In this context the optics of human skin is of the utmost importance. Reflection, scattering and absorption are the optical properties affecting the nature of these interactions. By combining a bio-optical model of human skin with advanced radiative transfer th...

Background: People who have been administrated radiopharmaceuticals could be a source of radiation to their relatives, medical nurses, and people who are in contact with them. The aim of this work was to estimate radiation dose received by nuclear medicine nurses. Materials and Methods: In this study, the dose rates at various distances of 5 – 100 cm from 70 patients, who were administered diag...

Electronic equipment in nuclear power plants and warfare is damaged by transient effects that cause high-energy pulsed radiation. There a concern this type of damage can even enormous economic losses human casualties paralyzing control systems. To solve problem, study proposes complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) logic-based, switching detection circuit detect radiations at fast rate....

A comparative study on the sensing properties of a tapered optical fiber pristine and functionalized with the palladium nanoparticles to hydrogen and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), is presented. The sensor response and, response/recovery times were extracted from the measurements of the transient response of the device. The tapered optical fiber sensor was fabricated using a single-mode opt...

the use of panoramic radiography, due to its numerous advantages, is increasing. radiographic films used in this technique are of double emulsion (de) type which are used with intensifying screens. single emulsion (se) films can also be used. the purpose of this study was to determine the exposure parameters to achieve an appropriate optical density in these two types of films, and to estimate ...

A global atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) is modified to include radiative transfer parameterizations for the absorption and scattering of solar radiation and the absorption of thermal infrared (IR} radiation by smoke aerosols. The solar scattering modifications include a parameterization for diagnosing smoke optical properties as a function of the timeand spacedependent smoke partic...

There is considerable demand for structural health monitoring (SHM) at locations where there are substantial radiation fields such as nuclear reactor components, dry cask storage canister, irradiated fuel assemblies, etc. Piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) have been emerged as one of the major SHM sensing technologies. In order to use PWAS to perform SHM in nuclear environment, radiation...

Two-dimensional, relativistic, MHD simulations of pulsar-wind powered nebulae provide strong constraints on the properties of the winds themselves. In particular, they confirm that Poynting flux must be converted into particle energy close to or inside the termination shock front, emphasising the puzzle known as the σ paradox. To distinguish between the different possible resolutions of this pa...

introduction lead-based shields are the most widely used attenuators in x-ray and gamma ray fields. the heavy weight, toxicity and corrosion of lead have led researchers towards the development of non-lead shields. materials and methods the purpose of this study was to design multi-layered shields for protection against x-rays and gamma rays in diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine. in this...

We obtained optical imaging polarimetry with the ACS/HRC aboard the HST of the 9 closest radiogalaxies in the 3C catalogue with an FR I morphology. The nuclear sources seen in direct HST images in these galaxies are found to be highly polarized with levels in the range ∼ 2 11 % with a median value of 7 %. We discuss the different mechanisms that produce polarized emission and conclude that the ...