In single-walled carbon nanotubes, electron-hole pairs form tightly bound excitons because of limited screening. These excitons display a variety of interactions and processes that could be exploited for applications in nanoscale photonics and optoelectronics. Here we report on optical pulse-train generation from individual air-suspended carbon nanotubes under an application of square-wave gate...

Objective: Different categories are available for estimating of radiation dose. Radioisotopes with the same energy and almost the same physical properties have similar effects. Monte Carlo technique is a computerized method based on mathematical simulation of physical processes. The main purpose of this study is to show that beta particles are not able to penetrate deep into the water. also dif...

In recent years, Quantum Electronics and Reversible Logic have emerged as a major area of research having applications in low power CMOS circuits, cryptography, optical computing and nanotechnology. The fact that classical logic gates such as AND, OR, XOR etc., barring the NOT gate, cannot predict the input given the output and hence generate heat due to information loss, has given rise to the ...

We propose and analyze heralded quantum gates between qubits in optical cavities. They employ an auxiliary qubit to report if a successful gate occurred. In this manner, the errors, which would have corrupted a deterministic gate, are converted into a nonunity probability of success: once successful, the gate has a much higher fidelity than a similar deterministic gate. Specifically, we describ...

Transistors with exfoliated two-dimensional (2D) materials on a SiO2/Si substrate have been applied and have been proven effective in a wide range of applications, such as circuits, memory, photodetectors, gas sensors, optical modulators, valleytronics, and spintronics. However, these devices usually suffer from limited gate control because of the thick SiO2 gate dielectric and the lack of reli...

We show that the surface plasmons of a two-dimensional Dirac metal such as graphene can be reflected by linelike perturbations hosting one-dimensional electron states. The reflection originates from a strong enhancement of the local optical conductivity caused by optical transitions involving these bound states. We propose that the bound states can be systematically created, controlled, and liq...

OPFET (Optical Field Effect Transistor) is a useful device for optical communication and as photo detector. In this paper, the switching characteristics of the back illuminated OPFET are plotted using finite difference methods by solving the without time dependent continuity equations in which the incident radiation is allowed to enter through the substrate by inserting a fiber partially into t...

Reversible or information-lossless circuits have applications in digital signal processing, communication, computer graphics, and cryptography. They are also a fundamental requirement in the emerging field of quantum computation. We investigate the synthesis of reversible circuits that employ a minimum number of gates and contain no redundant input–output line-pairs (temporary storage channels)...

An approach to the construction of the controlled-NOT quantum logic gate for a four-dimensional coupled-qubit model with weak but otherwise arbitrary coupling has been given recently [M. R. Geller et al., Phys. Rev. A 81, 012320 (2010)]. How does the resulting fidelity depend on the form of qubit-qubit coupling? In this paper we calculate intrinsic fidelity curves (fidelity in the absence of de...

An approach to the construction of the CNOT quantum logic gate for a 4-dimensional coupledqubit model with weak but otherwise arbitrary coupling has been given recently [M. R. Geller et al., Phys. Rev. A 81, 012320 (2010)]. How does the resulting fidelity depend on the form of qubit-qubit coupling? In this paper we calculate intrinsic fidelity curves (fidelity in the absence of decoherence vers...