Intra-operative optical coherence tomography (OCT) requires a display technology which allows surgeons to visualize OCT data without disrupting surgery. Previous research and commercial intrasurgical OCT systems have integrated heads-up display (HUD) systems into surgical microscopes to provide monoscopic viewing of OCT data through one microscope ocular. To take full advantage of our previousl...

Deep learning algorithms offer a powerful means to automatically analyze the content of medical images. However, many biological samples of interest are primarily transparent to visible light and contain features that are difficult to resolve with a standard optical microscope. Here, we use a convolutional neural network (CNN) not only to classify images, but also to optimize the physical layou...

We demonstrate high-resolution x-ray differential interference contrast DIC in a compact soft x-ray microscope. Phase contrast imaging is enabled by the use of a diffractive optical element objective which is matched to the coherence conditions in the microscope setup. The performance of the diffractive optical element objective is evaluated in comparison with a normal zone plate by imaging of ...

From micro-assembly to biological observation, the optical microscope remains one of the most important tools for observing below the threshold of the naked human eye. However, in its conventional form, it suffers from a trade-off between resolution and field of view. This paper presents a new optical microscope design that combines a high speed steering mirror, a custom designed scanner lens, ...

The development of advanced light microscopy techniques in recent years has been quite impressive. Cellular biologists are now able to visualize processes such as protein development in real time due to advanced techniques such as Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP); they are no longer limited to indirect biochemical tests to determine sequences of biological events. However, desp...

Photoconvertible fluorescent proteins (pc-FPs) are a class of fluorescent proteins with "optical highlighter" capability, meaning that the color of fluorescence can be changed by exposure to light of a specific wavelength. Optical highlighting allows noninvasive marking of a subpopulation of fluorescent molecules, and is therefore ideal for tracking single cells or organelles. Critical paramete...

background: nowadays, microencapsulation of probiotic bacteria is the newest method for increasing the survival ability of probiotics in food products. the lactobacillus acidophilus as a probiotic bacterium has more beneficial effects and the low survival of this bacterium under food processing conditions and adverse environment have been studied by many researchers. objectives: in this study, ...

BACKGROUND Microsurgical techniques are considered standard procedures in reconstructive surgery. Although microsurgery by itself is defined as surgery aided by optical magnification, there are no guidelines for determining in which clinical situations a microscope or loupe should be used. Therefore, we conducted standardized experiments to objectively assess the impact of optical magnification...