Microenvironmental regulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) strongly influences the onset and spread of cancer. The way in which glioma cells interact with their microenvironment and acquire the phenotypes of CSCs remains elusive. We investigated how communication between vascular endothelial cells and glioma cells promoted the properties of glioma stem cells (GSCs). We observed that CD133(+) GSC...

AIM To study the maturation of multifocal visual evoked potentials (multifocal VEP) in normal children between the ages of 5 and 16 years and to apply the results clinically in selected cases to the diagnosis of optic pathway diseases. METHOD 70 normal children were recruited from the community and multifocal VEP (Accumap ObjectiVision, Sydney, Australia) was recorded. The waveform of the evo...

Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor among adults. Temozolomide (TMZ) is widely used as the first‑line postsurgical drug for malignant glioma. However, the therapeutic efficacy of TMZ remains ineffective as inherited or acquired drug resistance is frequently observed. Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) has emerged as a tumor suppressor and a key regulator of signal transduction in glioma cells....

Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) has a vital role in cell survival and inhibition of NF-κB had proven to be an efficient therapeutic pathway for various cancers though little is known about the underlying mechanism. Previously we identified regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) as an endogenous inhibitor of NF-κB signaling pathway in lymphoma. In the present study, we have solid data to show that RCA...

BACKGROUND Leucine-rich glioma inactivated 3 (LGI3) is a secreted protein member of LGI family. We previously reported that LGI3 was expressed in brain, adipose tissues and skin, where it played roles as a multifunctional cytokine. We postulated that LGI3 may be involved in cytokine network in cancers. AIM This study aimed to analyze differentially expressed genes in glioma tissues and glioma...

Hypothalamic and optic chiasm gliomas may be indistinguishable clinically, radiographically, and pathologically. Ten children with giant gliomas of the hypothalamus and optic pathway, all under age 2 years, had masses greater than 3 cm in diameter. Pathologically all proven cases (seven) were cytologically benign fibrillary astrocytomas. Previous authors have recognized the difficulty in distin...

Aim: To study the maturation of multifocal visual evoked potentials (multifocal VEP) in normal children between the ages of 5 and 16 years and to apply the results clinically in selected cases to the diagnosis of optic pathway diseases. Method: 70 normal children were recruited from the community and multifocal VEP (Accumap ObjectiVision, Sydney, Australia) was recorded. The waveform of the evo...