BACKGROUND Two ongoing phase II clinical trials (RENEW and SYNERGY) have been developed to test the efficacy of anti-LINGO-1 antibodies in acute optic neuritis and relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis, respectively. Across a range of experimental models, LINGO-1 has been found to inhibit neuron and oligodendrocyte survival, axon regeneration, and (re)myelination. The therapeutic effects of ant...

To recognize and to assess glaucomatous changes at the optic nerve, it is important to know the characteristics of the normal optic disc. As in the other biological variables, the appearance of the optic disc varies widely among healthy individuals. This fact is complicate the recognition of the pathological changes. ‘Optic Disc’ is frequently used to describe the portion of the optic nerve cli...

PURPOSE To establish normative magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (MRDTI) data in the pediatric optic nerve and compare to pathologic conditions both intrinsic and extrinsic to the anterior optic nerve pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of MRDTI at 3.0T in children ages 0-18 with both normal imaging studies and with pathologic conditions either arising from the o...

Bilateral cavernous sinus and optic nerve metastases is extremely rare. We report an extremely rare case of metastatic adenocarcinoma of bilateral cavernous sinus and optic nerve with unknown primary presenting as orbital pseudotumor. She underwent bilateral optic nerve decompression and the diagnosis was established by biopsy.

PURPOSE To identify and characterize the MR findings of sarcoidosis when it involves the orbit and visual pathways. METHODS The MR scans of 15 patients, 3 with presumed and 12 with proved orbital or optic pathway sarcoidosis were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Eight patients had MR evidence of optic nerve involvement by sarcoid granuloma. Perineural enhancement was seen in four cases, op...

Aim To define direct anatomical relations of the sphenoidal (alae minores), ethmoidal sinuses and optic nerve, with an emphasis on determining the effect of age on pneumatisation and dehiscence. Methods This retrospective, descriptive study involved 60 consecutive patients: 30 patients younger than 30 and30 patients older than 60 years of age. All patients underwent computerized tomography(CT)....

We encountered a patient who suffered a head injury that translated to the optic nerves, leading to dramatic unilateral right optic nerve edema. The decedent was a 20-year-old unsecured passenger in a convertible. The car collided with a pickup truck. The patient survived for 8 h. At autopsy, a comminuted skull fracture involving the right frontal bone including the right orbital plate was foun...

Intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering ophthalmic solutions that inhibit Rho-associated protein kinases (Rock) and norepinephrine transporters (Net) are currently under clinical evaluation. Here we evaluate topical application of one such drug for its effects on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival and axon regeneration after optic nerve crush injury. We performed unilateral optic nerve crush on y...

The presence and distribution of laminin, heparan sulfate proteoglycan and collagen types I, III and IV were immunohistologically determined in cynomolgus monkey optic nerve heads using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique. Collagen types I and III were detected within the collagenous plates of the scleral lamina cribrosa, in the septa and pia mater of the postlaminar optic nerve and ...

Fish, unlike mammals, can regenerate axons in the optic nerve following optic nerve injury. We hypothesized that using microarray analysis to compare gene expression in fish which had experienced optic nerve lesion to fish which had undergone a similar operation but without optic nerve injury would reveal genes specifically involved in responding to optic nerve injury (including repair), reduci...