BACKGROUND Bladder cancer is a major health problem, especially among men. Opium addiction can be an important risk factor. One important question is whether it can affect the age of onset of bladder cancer .We performed this study to evaluate this question. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cross-section study, records of patients diagnosed with bladder carcinoma in Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Cent...

The collar rot disease has been reported recently and occurs at the 10-12-leaf stage of plants of opium poppy. Infected plants topple down and dry prematurely due to fast rotting at the collar region. The inoculum for this study was multiplied on the cornmeal-sand culture. Genetic ratios were calculated by the chi-square test. Inheritance studies on this disease show a monogenic pattern of segr...

What constitutes "drug-abuse" remains an ongoing controversy because social, cultural, administrative, legal, political, metaphysical and philosophical issues have been unresolved. The use of drugs such as opium, cannabis, coca, alcohol, or tobacco is an integral part of the daily life of certain communities. For instance 'Kat' may be used by the shephered to help maintain his vigilance while a...

Noscapine is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid produced in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) and other members of the Papaveraceae. It has been used as a cough suppressant and more recently was shown to possess anticancer activity. However, the biosynthesis of noscapine in opium poppy has not been established. A proposed pathway leading from (S)-reticuline to noscapine includes (S)scoulerine, (S)-ca...

background: in patients with hepatitis b and c, environmental factors such as smoking and alcohol can cause liver fibrosis progression. but opium effects on liver fibrosis progression are not clear. this study was designed to assess the relationship of opium user and liver fibrosis progression. methods: in this case-control study, sixty patients in hepatitis b group and sixty patients in hepati...

Beauveria bassiana strain 04/01-Tip, obtained from a larva of the opium poppy stem gall wasp Iraella luteipes (Hymenoptera; Cynipidae), endophytically colonizes opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) plants and protects them against this pest. The goal of this study was to monitor the dynamics of endophytic colonization of opium poppy by B. bassiana after the fungus was applied to the seed and to ...

In this work, a convenient method for determination of relative UV response factors (RRFs) of morphine, codeine, thebaine, oripavine, noscapine and papaverine by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a diode array detector (DAD) was presented. Pholcodine was selected as the reference compound for calculating the relative response factors of the alkaloids. The separation of...