BACKGROUND Fisher syndrome (FS) is characterised by a triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia. The lesion sites responsible for ataxia and ophthalmoplegia in FS require further exploration. The aim of this study was to determine the involvement of the central nervous system in FS using (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). METHODS Cerebral glucose metabolism ...

INTRODUCTION Kearns-Sayre syndrome is a mitochondrial myopathy that demonstrates chronic progressive ophthalmoplegia with onset before the age of 20 and pigmentary degeneration of the retina. CASE PRESENTATION We report the case of an 18-year-old Romanian man with short stature, external ophthalmoplegia, palpebral ptosis, myopathy, sensorineural hearing impairment, cerebellar ataxia, cardiac ...

Introduction. Acute complete external ophthalmoplegia is a rare finding in clinical practice that is associated with diseases affecting the neuromuscular junction, the oculomotor nerves, or the brainstem. Ophthalmoplegia has been reported with acute ataxia in Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) and Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE). Up to 95% of these cases are associated with anti-GQ1b antibod...

Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia is one of mitochondrial disorders, characterized by ptosis, limitation of eye movement, variably severe bulbar muscle weakness and proximal limb weakness. Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia complicated with acquired disease is extremely rare. We report a 44 years old male patient with more than 20 years of chronic progressive bilateral ptos...

BACKGROUND We report a case of steroid-resistant Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) with recurrent bilateral painful ophthalmoplegia, accompanied with sphenoid sinusitis, pituitary abscess, and an aneurysm arising from the cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery. CASE DESCRIPTION A 53-year-old woman suffered severe left painful ophthalmoplegia. A magnetic resonance image (MRI) revealed thick...

J.S. Kim, MD S.-H. Jeong, MD Y.-M. Oh, MD Y. Soon Yang, MD S.Y. Kim, MD A 78-year-old man with hypertension and diabetes was referred because of 3 days of diplopia and ophthalmoplegia. Neurologic examination disclosed exotropia of both eyes (wall-eyed) and bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia (WEBINO) with impaired convergence (figure, A).1 Vertical saccades and smooth pursuit were also limit...

This report describes a 35-year-old female suffering from a cluster-tic syndrome and bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia as the initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed multiple pontine hyperintense lesions. To our knowledge, there is no previous report of multiple sclerosis presenting as cluster-tic syndrome and bilateral internuclear oph...

A 6 year old girl woke up with pain and increasing swelling over the left hand and difficulty in breathing. On examination, she had swelling of the left forearm and hand, flaccid quadriparesis and was in respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. Two clean puncture wounds were identified on the left thumb. A provisional diagnosis of snake bite with severe envenomation was made and sh...

BACKGROUND Ophthalmoplegia secondary to a traumatic dissecting aneurysm in the cavernous segment of internal carotid artery (ICA) is a relatively rare entity. Anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy is the preferred treatment option for carotid dissections. However, endovascular interventions are noninvasive and alternative methods to surgery, especially in cases of aneurysms that do not respond ...

A flaccid tetraparesis in Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis (BBE) is presumed to be a sign of overlapping Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). In addition, BBE and Fisher syndrome, which are clinically similar and are both associated with the presence of the immunoglobulin G anti-GQ1b antibody, represent a specific autoimmune disease with a wide spectrum of symptoms that include ophthalmoplegia an...