نتایج جستجو برای: opening
تعداد نتایج: 49516 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
During stomatal opening potassium uptake into guard cells and K+ channel activation is tightly coupled to proton extrusion. The pH sensor of the K+ uptake channel in these motor cells has, however, not yet been identified. Electrophysiological investigations on the voltage-gated, inward rectifying K+ channel in guard cell protoplasts from Solanum tuberosum (KST1), and the kst1 gene product expr...
Tropospheric ozone is increasing at a fast pace and causes large losses of production in cultivated plants and forests (UNECE, 2004). Ozone risk assessment has been based for a long time on exposure to external ozone concentration. Doses above a selected threshold (generally 40 nL L) have been considered injurious, and the cumulated exposure to these concentrations has been the basis of the lev...
We conducted an infrared thermal imaging-based genetic screen to identify Arabidopsis mutants displaying aberrant stomatal behavior in response to elevated concentrations of CO2 . This approach resulted in the isolation of a novel allele of the Arabidopsis BIG locus (At3g02260) that we have called CO2 insensitive 1 (cis1). BIG mutants are compromised in elevated CO2 -induced stomatal closure an...
This paper proposes one possibility to generalize the morphological operations particularly, dilation, erosion, opening, and closing to color images. First, properties of a desirable generalization are stated and a brief review is done on former approaches. Then, the method is explained, which is based on a total ordering of the colors in an image induced by its color histogram; this is valid f...
Microarray analysis was performed on RNA isolated from guard cells that were manually dissected from leaves of Arabidopsis. By pooling our data with those of two earlier studies on Arabidopsis guard cell protoplasts, we provide a robust view of the guard-cell transcriptome, which is rich in transcripts for transcription factors, signaling proteins, transporters, and carbohydrate-modifying enzym...
Green light reversal of blue light-stimulated stomatal opening was discovered in isolated stomata. The present study shows that the response also occurs in stomata from intact leaves. Arabidopsis thaliana plants were grown in a growth chamber under blue, red and green light. Removal of the green light opened the stomata and restoration of green light closed them to baseline values under experim...
Venezuela possesses the Western Hemisphere’s largest conventional proven oil reserves at 77.8 billion barrels and has proved natural gas reserves of 148 trillion cubic feet, the largest in Latin America and the seventh-largest in the world. Despite these abundant resources, economic performance of the country has been poor. Oil production declined steadily every year beginning in 1973 and by th...
Straightforward conversion of (+)-6,8-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-3- undecylisocoumarin (3) to the title isocoumarin was carried out. Hydrolytic ring opening of (3) afforded the hydroxy acid (4) which was immediately oxidized to keto acid (5) using chromic acid, Cyclodehydration of (5) afforded the 6,8- dimethoxy-3-undecylisocoumarin (6) which on selective demethylation of 8- methoxy group furni...
The best chess programs have reached the top level players in the human chess world. The so called opening books, which are databases containing thousands of Grandmaster games, have been seen as a big advantage of programs over humans, because the computers do never forget a variation. Interestingly, it is this opening phase, which causes most problems for the computers, not because they do not...
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