BACKGROUND We determined the role of risk and protective factors on the trajectories of behavior problems associated with high prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE)/polydrug exposure. METHODS The Maternal Lifestyle Study enrolled 1388 children with or without PCE, assessed through age 15 years. Because most women using cocaine during pregnancy also used other substances, we analyzed for the effects...

Background: Orphan drugs (ODs) are pharmaceuticals manufactured for rare conditions that affect less than 200,000 people in the US. ODs are therefore produced in small quantities to meet sparse demand. Since 2010, OD shortages have become frequent, but no comprehensive, quantitative studies exist. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the rates of OD shortages per therapeutic clas...

Organisational Development (OD) is a term that has somewhat fallen out of favour with current thinking in management. There are several reasons for this. The first is that as often practised, OD came to be seen as synonymous with a certain orientation towards people and feelings that left little room for discussion of "hard " business concerns. In other words, some OD practitioners focused on t...

It has recently published that graphene oxide (GO) obtained from graphite by Hummers’ oxidation is composed by nanoplatelets, named as GOP and oxidative debris (OD). OD seems to be composed by highly oxidative aromatic molecules coming from rupture of the sheets and they are adsorbed on the top of the nanoplatelets. The existence of OD modifies the physical and chemical properties of the materi...

Iako postoje brojni, vrlo dobro definirani riziËni faktori za nastanak karcinoma kolorektuma, ipak se u viπe od 75% svih sluËajeva bolesti ona pojavljuje bez poznatog riziËnog faktora. Sekvenca adenom-karcinom vrlo je dobro ispitana u pojavi kolorektalnog karcinoma. VeÊina karcinoma debelog crijeva nastaje iz adenoma (ne iz hiperplastiËnih polipa). Adenomi veÊi od 1 cm s vjerojatnoπÊu od oko 15...

برخی از گونه ‏های زنبور تریکوگراما، دارای نوعی همزیستی با باکتری Wolbachia هستندکه باعث القاء بکرماده ‏زایی در آنها می‏شود. جمعیت‌هایی این پارازیتوئید تخم آفات که نتاج ماده بیشتری تولید می‌کنند، می‌توانند بالقوه توان بالاتری برخوردار باشند. پس شناسایی یک جمعیت بومی آلوده به ولباکیا Trichogramma brassicae، بررسی‏ هایی منظور ارزیابی توانایی‌های تک‏جنسی (A) قیاس جمعیت‌‏های دوجنسی طبیعی (B) و تغذیه...

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of soluble protein supplements on concentration of soluble non-ammonia nitrogen (SNAN) in the liquid phase of ruminal (RD) and omasal digesta (OD) of Korean native steers, and to investigate diurnal pattern in SNAN concentration in RD and OD. Three ruminally cannulated Korean native steers in a 3×3 Latin square design consumed a basal diet of rice...

Object-oriented systems development has attracted great interest in the information systems (IS) field because of a belief that using object-oriented development (OD) makes it easier to develop and maintain software plus achieve software reuse. However, the transition from structured to OD may be especially challenging for IS developers. In fact, some argue that structured development (SD) know...

An experimental study of simultaneous multi-point measurements in the flow and acoustic fields of a Mach 1.75 cold air jet is presented. A series of four optical deflectometer (OD) probes were used for the flow field measurements, and eight microphones arranged on a circular arc recorded the far-field pressure in the direction of peak emission. In addition, some of the OD probes were positioned...