Diabetes mellitus (diabetes) is suffered by more than 180 million people and is responsible for approximately 2.9 million deaths each year. This mortality rate is expected to increase by 50 % in the next decade. Due to the inconvenience of the traditional treatment of diabetes by subcutaneous administration of insulin injection, various attempts are made in the production, purification, formula...

The human eye and tear provide essential physiological information for the detection of ocular dysfunctions therapy monitoring. measurements biomarkers in composition are critical disease diagnosis early interventions. Hence, significant efforts dedicated to development functional contact lenses that can quantify analytes condition. combination microfluidics lens technologies offer real-time mo...

Ophthalmic In-situ gels are viscous polymer‐based liquids that exhibit sol‐to‐gel phase transition on the ocular surface due to change in a specific physicochemical parameter like ionic strength, pH or temperature Gel dosage forms are successfully used as drug delivery systems considering their ability to prolong the drug release. To prolong the precorneal resident time and improve ocular bioav...

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are produced from physiologically biocompatible lipids. They have been proven to improve solubility, cellular uptake, and stability, reduce enzyme degradation, prolong the circulation time of various drugs. SLNs applied in oral, parenteral, transdermal, intranasal, ocular, pulmonary drug delivery different drugs, with enhanced safety, bioavailability, overall th...