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Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the ObsessiveCompulsive Inventory – Revised. Method: The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory – Revised was administered toa total of 260 participants: a clinical sample of 130 patients with anxiety disorders (64 with a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients, 33 diagno...

Benincasa hispida Cogn. (Cucurbitaceae) commonly known as wax gourd (1) is an important ingredient of kushmanda lehyam, an Ayurvedic medicine widely used as rejuvenative agent (Rasayana) in treatment of epilepsy and other nervous disorders (2). In Ayurvedic system of medicine, Benincasa hispida fruits are used for treatment of schizophrenia and other psychologic disorders (3). Methanolic extrac...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cognitive dysfunction is frequently reported in anxiety disorders. Our aim is to describe recent advances concerning these cognitive aspects. RECENT FINDINGS Cognitive dysfunction in anxiety disorders can be classified into four domains. The first concerns executive functions, mainly attentional processes. The second concerns memory, including deficits in working, episodic, ...

automatic thoughts The self-critical or exaggerated negative self-statements that go through a person’s mind and are accepted as true by the person without testing their accuracy. cognitive restructuring A treatment technique that attempts to identify and modify negative or unrealistic thoughts or attributions. cognitive triad A person’s view of himor herself, of the world, and the future, whic...

Mental control paradoxes—those times when we try to control a thought or behavior and the effort at control becomes counterproductive—are both common and enigmatic. Why is it so difficult to stand in a corner and refrain from thinking of a white bear—but only if we have been asked to do so [Wegner, 1989]? Why, when we try to control our thoughts and behaviors, do they so often spin out of contr...

Because of Rachman and de Silva's (1978) influential research on normal and abnormal obsessions, it is now a basic tenet of cognitive behavioral theories (CBT) that clinical obsessions have their origins in the normal intrusive thought phenomena that characterizes the stream of consciousness. However much of the empirical research on unwanted intrusive thoughts has utilized retrospective self-r...

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are both defined by excessive negatively-valenced cognitions. Although obsessional thoughts are considered essential to OCD and perseverative worry is considered essential to GAD, these excessive cognitions have been found to co-occur in both disorders. Accordingly, a common diathesis may influence the emergence of exces...

The response rate to the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is 21.6% to 61.3%, which shows a relative resistance to current treatments and a need for novel therapeutic approaches. Here we report a case of resistant OCD with fast and dramatic response to a relatively new method of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation. In this method a pulse magnetic field  emits from a coil o...