The study of the fluid dynamics of violent volcanic eruptions by laboratory experiment is described, and the important fluid-dynamic processes that can be examined in laboratory models are discussed in detail. In prelim•inary experiments, pure gases are erupted from small reservoirs. The gases used are Freon 12 and Freon 22, two gases of high molecular weight and high density that are good anal...

The principal long-term objective of this work is to determine what factors control the distribution and dynamics of the chromophore-containing constituents of dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in marine and estuarine waters. Two important secondary objectives are 1) to elucidate the photochemical properties of the CDOM and how photochemical reactions affect the optical properties and secondary r...

Observations, and laboratory and numerical studies, of fluid flows with strong rotation and thermal forcing often show long-lived convective Taylor columns (CTCs) which carry a large portion of the vertical heat and mass fluxes. However, owing to experimental and numerical challenges, these structures remain poorly understood. Here we present a nonlinear, analytical multiscale model of CTCs in ...