Despite the development of new modalities, cyclophosphamide (CYC) remains the preferred initial treatment for severe proliferative lupus nephritis. Controversies continue about the best route, dosage, and duration of CYC treatment. For recalcitrant disease, new immunosuppressive and immunomodulating agents, immunoablative high dose CYC, nucleoside analogues, apheresis, and the biological respon...

Human equilibrative nucleoside transporters (hENT) 1 and 2, encoded by SLC29A1 and SLC29A2, permit the bidirectional passage of nucleoside analogues into cells and may correlate with clinical responses to chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression profiles of SLC29A1 and SLC29A2 in human cancer cell lines. Using quantitative r...

In concurrent chemoradiotherapy, drugs are used to sensitize tumors to ionizing radiation. Although a spectrum of indications for simultaneous treatment with drugs and radiation has been defined, the molecular mechanisms underpinning tumor radiosensitization remain incompletely characterized for several such combinations. Here, we investigate the mechanisms of radiosensitization by the arabinos...

5-Amino-2,5-dideoxy-5-iodouridine, a nel thymidine analogue, is a potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1 replication. In contrast to most other nucleoside analogues which possess antiviral activity, 5-amino-2,5-dideoxy-5-iodouridine exhibits little, if any, cellular toxicity. Preliminary evidence suggests that 5-amino-2,5-dideoxy-5-iodouridine selectively inhibits viral-specific DNA sy...

Herein we report a parallel solid-phase synthesis of 1,3,5-triazine based nucleoside analogues by a three-step substitution, starting from 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine. A library of 80 galactosyl-1,3,5-triazine compounds was prepared in high purity without extensive reaction conditions or tedious purification, suggesting the generality of this method.

We have recently reported that 2',3'dideoxy analogues of our exquisitely potent anti-VZV furanopyrimidine deoxynucleosides are shifted to selective anti-HCMV agents. We now find that the fully deoxygenated 2',3',5'-trideoxy analogue is fully antivirally active. This is taken as proof that these agents act by a novel non-nucleoside mechanism of action.

Modified nucleoside analogues are of great biological importance as antiviral and antitumoral agents. There is special interest in the preparation of C-aryl nucleosides with an aromatic ring in different positions of the glycone for their biological activity. Different chemical synthesis strategies for these targets are described in this review.