J. Robert Oppenheimer, ambitious leader of the Manhattan Project, struggled with intense ethical dilemmas. To continue to work on the atom bomb, he had to abandon his communist friends in order to prove to military monitors his loyalty to the US government. Later, Oppenheimer faced the moral implications of the project’s success. His struggles with ambition, betrayal, and moral quandaries made ...

Nuclear astrophysics is an interdisciplinary research field of nuclear physics and astrophysics, seeking for the answer to a question, how understand evolution Universe with processes which we learn. We review activities in east southeast Asia includes astronomy, experimental theoretical astrophysics. Several hot topics such as Li problems, critical reactions properties stars, dense matter, r-p...

The effects of a small fire event at a nuclear power plant can disrupt the supply of electricity to many thousands of customers and loss of feed-in tariffs to the operator. The consequences of a serious fire that causes core damage can affect the health and welfare of millions, perhaps generations of citizens and the environment. Clearly the stakes are very high. Nothing defines 'mission-critic...

‘‘Nuclear threshold states’’*those that have chosen nuclear restraint despite having significant nuclear capabilities*seem like the perfect partners for the reinvigorated drive toward global nuclear disarmament. Having chosen nuclear restraint, threshold states may embrace disarmament as a way to guarantee the viability of their choice (which may be impossible in a proliferating world). Support...

Over the Jast several years, the Waste Treatment and Immobili zation Plant (WTP) contractor has executed a test program and analysis effort to establish an aerosol entrainment coefficient (AEC) value for confinement ventilation system designs. The Board advises that the recommended AEC values from this program may not bound expected conditions at the WTP. The AEC values are key design parameter...

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has established international safeguards standards for fissionable material at spent fuel reprocessing plants to ensure that significant quantities of weapons-useable nuclear material are not diverted from these facilities. For large throughput nuclear facilities, it is difficult to satisfy the IAEA safeguards accountancy goal for detection of abrup...

Safety of the personnel of a nuclear power plant (NPP) and the environment around the plant should be ensured against all natural hazards including earthquakes. With public safety as the paramount concern, NPP facilities are designed to withstand low-probability, high-magnitude earthquakes. In this paper, details are discussed regarding the evolution of seismic analysis and design aspects of nu...

Nuclear facilities have not been designed to withstand a deliberate crash by a jumbo jet full of fuel or many other types of attack. A successful attack could have widespread and catastrophic consequences for both the environment and public health. The extent of damage caused will depend on the type of nuclear facility, the nature of the attack, weather conditions and the success of mitigation ...

Radiation safety is one of the most important issues for free electron laser [FEL] facilities and the users. Many FEL facilities are under operation worldwide, and their number is growing. The wave length of FEL ranges from a few millimeters to about 0.5 nm, and the electron energy is from a few MeV to about 20 GeV. Furthermore, various kinds of electron accelerator types are constructed for FE...