Introduction: Tumor cell nuclear size is a diagnostic indicator of tumor malignancy (1, 2). A larger cell nuclear size usually corresponds to a more aggressive (high grade) tumor (3), and so measurements of nuclear size are of interest for clinical cancer diagnosis. However, at present tumor cell nuclear size can be found only by invasive biopsy. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (D...

A proper description of p ion-nuc leus scattering at energies near the (3,3) resonance requires that account be taken of the dynamics of the resonant p i o n n u cleon system. In particular the motion of this system through the nucleus and its strong interaction with the nuclear medium cannot be neglected [1,2]. Recently several groups [2 6] have incorporated these effects into calculations of ...

[1] We compare the spectra of anomalous He nuclei measured in the heliosphere by the IMP, Voyager, and Pioneer spacecraft at heliospheric distances ranging from 1 to over 80 AU in the time period from 1977 to 2003. Striking differences in the energy spectra of these nuclei are found between positive and negative solar magnetic polarity cycles. These differences are such that the spectra observe...

Some properties of a 90% C2H2F4 gas mixture, used to operate resistive plate chambers in avalanche mode, are determined by comparing the experimental results with the prediction of simple analytical calculations. The fast charge distribution of the signal induced on pick-up electrodes is reproduced by means of a Monte Carlo simulation of the avalanche development. In addition predictions for a ...

New observations of low energy (--1 to 200 MeV/nuc) cosmic rays measured by three newly launched experiments on SAMPEX during 1992 and 1993 show the strong presence of anomalous cosmic ray (ACR) nitrogen and oxygen, well before the approaching solar minimum. When compared with ACR temporal variations over the past two solar cycles we find that the 1992-1993 fluxes are -5 to 10 times their level...

New observations of >15 MeV/nuc trapped heavy ions with Z 2 2 have been made by the SAMPEX spacecraft in low polar orbit. The composition of these ions, which are located primarily around L = 2, is dominated by He, N, 0, and Ne. The N, 0, and Ne ions are apparently trapped "anomalous cosmic rays," while the origin of the trapped He flux is presently uncertain. These ions can affect the rate of ...