Value Prior to Pulping (VPP) is a novel biorefining concept for pulp mills that includes hydrolysis extraction of hemicellulose wood sugars and acetic acid from pulpwood prior to pulping. The concept involves conversion of wood sugars via fermentation to fuel ethanol or other chemicals and the use of remaining solid wood material in the pulping process. This paper provides an overview of the me...

We discuss two aspects of the presentation of the theory of principal ∞-bundles in an ∞-topos, introduced in [NSSa], in terms of categories of simplicial (pre)sheaves. First we show that over a cohesive site C and for G a presheaf of simplicial groups which is C-acyclic, G-principal ∞-bundles over any object in the ∞-topos over C are classified by hyper-Čech-cohomology with coefficients in G. T...

Hardwood KP bleaching effluents, before (influent) and after (effluent) biological treatment, were characterized and compared to identify the main bio-recalcitrant organic compounds in the effluent. The results indicate that biological treatment reduces CODcr and BOD5 by 67% and 88%, respectively. However, various bio-recalcitrant organic compounds were still retained in the biologically-treate...

ammonia (nh3) and nitrite (no2) toxic chemicals which resulted from fish culture, especially in intensive fish culture systems. to evaluate the efficiency of green algae scenedesmus quadricauda in ammonia and nitrite removal from intensive fish farm effluent and also its application as suitable culture medium for s. quadricauda , effluent water samples were collected from rainbow trout farm. si...