Under normal conditions, antioxidants at the corneal surface are balanced with the production of reactive oxygen species without any toxic effects. Danger from oxidative stress appears when natural antioxidants are overwhelmed leading to antioxidant/prooxidant imbalance. The aim of the present study was to examine the activities of enzymes contributing to the antioxidant/prooxidant balance in n...

BACKGROUND CD40 ligand (CD40L) expression on platelets is mediated by agonists, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS CD40L expression was measured in platelets from healthy subjects both with and without the addition of antioxidants or a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor and in platelets from 2 patients with an inherited deficiency of gp91phox. Immunoprecipitatio...

Background. We evaluated the concentrations of glutathione and uric acid, low molecular weight antioxidants, in saliva of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), in order to identify differences with normal subjects and to obtain information about biochemical alterations of human saliva during carcinogenesis. Methods. We compared 50 HNSCC patients, divided in 2 subsets on t...

Thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland are necessary for the normal development of body organs. It was demonstrated that NO participates in the regulation of thyroid function. NO brings about oxidation reactions which will produce free radicals, and can start chain reactions that damage cells. This leads to the production of ROS. These oxidants can damage cells by starting chemical chain react...

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a serious public health concern worldwide; however, the pathogenesis of this disease has not been yet cleared. This study aimed to compare diet quality in obese/overweight participants with/without metabolic syndrome with normal weight controls.   Methods: This was a comparative study on 147 Iranian adults under treatment at the Endocrinology Cen...

Antioxidants and Endothelial Dysfunction in Young and Elderly People: Is Flow-Mediated Dilation Useful to Assess Acute Effects? To the Editor: Wray et al reported that acute consumption of antioxidants by healthy subjects had diametrically different effects: flow-mediated dilation increased in elderly people but decreased in young people. The opposite effects are difficult to interpret and reco...

Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) degradation has been noted in the stunned myocardium of rodents after ischemia and reperfusion and is one proposed mechanism for the decreased left ventricular (LV) contractility in postischemic hearts. cTnI degradation has been best described after reperfusion of the ischemic myocardium. The effect of ischemia, independent of reperfusion, on cTnI breakdown has not bee...

PURPOSE We assessed reproductive and testicular function in adult rats after testicular torsion created before, during and after puberty, and with vs without resveratrol or arginine treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Age matched rats were divided into groups, including simulated surgery without testicular torsion, 720-degree testicular torsion for 4 hours, testicular torsion with resveratrol tr...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the addition of antioxidants (vitamin E, β- mercaptoethanol and their combination) to semen extender.  Progressive motility, viability and pH of fresh ram semen were examined. Ejaculate samples were collected with artificial vagina from three Ghezel-Merinose rams (3 years old) during non- breeding reproduction season. Semen was diluted with a...