A full-term female neonate developed focal motor seizures at 1 hour of life, followed by paroxysmal nonepileptic abnormal eye–head movements on day 5 (video 1). CSF revealed mild hypoglycorrhachia, borderline low CSF:serum glucose, and pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (P5P). Genetic testing showed compound heterozygous mutations in the pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate oxidase ( PNPO ) gene consistent with P5P-d...

Epilepsy is a chronic medical condition which is disabling to both patients and caregivers. The differential diagnosis of epilepsy includes psychogenic nonepileptic spells or "pseudoseizures." Epilepsy is due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain, and pseudoseizure is a form of conversion disorder. The brain waves remain normal in pseudoseizures. The problem arises when a patient with si...

Treatment for psychogenic nonepileptic seizure (NES) typically consists of psychopharmacological intervention and psychotherapy. Psychotherapy is believed to be effective in identifying the etiology of the disorder and treating disorder-related comorbidities. However, there is as of yet no clear consensus on the psychotherapeutic methodology most effective in treating NES. In the current case r...

The authors report a case of unilateral functional neurological symptoms (nonepileptic convulsions) in a 38-year-old man with mild, motor-predominant cerebral palsy. His convulsions are all lateralized to the same side as his paretic limbs. His episodes significantly decreased after several months of weekly psychodynamic-oriented psychotherapy. Functional neurological disorders have been rarely...

Misdiagnosis of seizures and epilepsy is rampant. There are several paroxysmal non-epileptic events (NEE) – like syncope, non-epileptic attacks (earlier called psychogenic or pseudo-seizures), paroxysmal movement disorders, migraine equivalents, parasomnias, nonepileptic staring – which can mimic seizures and confuse even the experienced observer [1,2]. In a prospective study of first ‘seizures...