The prevalence of personality disorders (PDs) in the nonclinical community population was largely unknown through the early 1990s. Over the past 10 years the epidemiology of PD in the community has been resolved through the study of large, nonclinical populations that have used validated structured psychiatric interviews designed specifically for PDs. The median prevalence for "any PD" is 10.6%...

In a previous cross-sectional study, we showed that clinical staff working in a hospital had significantly higher antibody levels than nonclinical staff to Pneumocystis jirovecii. We conducted a longitudinal study, described here, to determine whether occupation and self-reported exposure to a patient with P. jirovecii pneumonia were associated with antibody levels to P. jirovecii over time. Ba...

We describe the development of a new measure to assess guilt related to concern about harming others. The two versions of the Interpersonal Guilt Questionnaire, a 45-item and 67-item version, include theoretically-based and clinically relevant categories of guilt: survivor guilt, separation/disloyalty guilt, omnipotent responsibility guilt, and self-hate guilt. Preliminary reliability and valid...

The reservoir and mode of transmission of Pneumocystis jirovecii remain uncertain. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 126 San Francisco General Hospital staff in clinical (n = 103) and nonclinical (n = 23) occupations to assess whether occupational exposure was associated with immune responses to P. jirovecii. We examined antibody levels by ELISA for 3 overlapping fragments that span the P...

The purpose of this project was to develop a bidimensional measure of mindfulness to assess its two key components: present-moment awareness and acceptance. The development and psychometric validation of the Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale is described, and data are reported from expert raters, two nonclinical samples (n = 204 and 559), and three clinical samples including mixed psychiatric outp...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of human subjects is widely performed for clinical and research purposes. Clinical MRI requires a physician order, while research MRI typically requires an approved protocol from a local Institutional Review Board, as well as informed consent. However, there are several circumstances in which it is appropriate to perform MRI in human subjects, that constitute ne...

Nursing home administrators (n = 15) and directors of nursing (n = 15) who worked in nursing homes during the 2004-2005 Florida hurricane season participated in a series of 6 focus groups. The purpose of the focus groups was to explore issues faced by nursing home administrators, nurses, and residents during hurricane evacuations. A primary finding was that evacuating nursing home residents to ...

Although psychotherapeutic observation and empirical data suggest a link between borderline and antisocial personality disorder or traits in adolescents, there is no study on the relationships of borderline personality organization (BPO) and psychopathic traits in adolescents. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship of structural criteria of (BPO) as assessed by the French version...

Since the early 1900s, the major causes of illness and death in the United States have changed from infectious disease to chronic disease. Recognition is growing that nonclinical communityand population-based prevention has a large role in improving the public’s health and well-being. Health risks such as obesity, tobacco use, and low levels of physical activity are the result of a set of compl...

Several theories of delusions suggest that anomalous perceptual experience is necessary for delusion formation. This study evaluated levels of anomalous perceptual experience in a large group of nonclinical participants from the general population (N = 337), a group of psychotic inpatients (N = 20), and 2 groups of hallucinating (N = 24) and nonhallucinating (N = 24) deluded patients. The aims ...