The late complications of diabetes represent in large part microvascular dysfunction. The development of techniques to measure microvascular function has resulted in a clearer picture of the stages of development of microangiopathy and the key pathophysiological processes involved. Considerable evidence supports the hemodynamic hypothesis of pathogenesis, which argues that early insulin-depende...

Diabetes mellitus is a common disease causing significant mortality and morbidity. It is a serious debilitating and deadly disease that has now reached epidemic proportions and the prevalence rates are expected to go even higher in the foreseeable future. Worldwide, in 1995 the number of people with diabetes was estimated to be 135 million; in the year 2000, it was 154 million and in the year 2...

TOPIC Diabetes is a serious, chronic illness with long-term implications for health and lifestyle. Significant differences in health outcome may be achieved as a result of the degree of adherence to recommended diabetes management regimens. Adherence is a particularly challenging issue with adolescents with diabetes. PURPOSE The present study examined the association between primary personali...

NIDDM is one of the commonest metabolic disorders encountered in clinical practice, affecting an estimated 3% of the population of the Western World [1]. Prevalence data from Africa have recently been reviewed [2] and it appears that NIDDM has a prevalence in South Africa comparable to that found in developed countries, with a similar rate in rural and urban populations. In the northern part of...

OBJECTIVE Given limited reports on diabetes among U.S. Asian and Pacific Islander youth, we describe the clinical characteristics, incidence, and prevalence of diabetes among Asian, Pacific Islander, and mixed Asian-Pacific Islander youth. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data were collected from 245 Asian, Pacific Islander, and Asian-Pacific Islander participants in the SEARCH for Diabetes in You...

Type 2 diabetes is a common disorder with an increased risk of macrovascular complications. Achieving adequate glycaemic control is an important aim of therapy. Thiazolidinediones, or glitazones, have been used for the treatment of diabetes for a decade. Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone are currently available, however recent concerns around cardiovascular safety have led to restrictions on their...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the possible impact of parental and individual socioeconomic status (SES) on all-cause mortality in a population-based cohort of patients with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Subjects recorded in the Swedish Childhood Diabetes Registry (SCDR) from 1 January 1978 to 31 December 2008 were included (n = 14,647). The SCDR...

Patients with diabetes are subdivided into at least two subgroups: those with insulindependent diabetes mellitus (Type I) and those with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (Type II). Both groups of patients have abnormalities in the sensitivity of their tissue to insulin, as well as abnormalities in beta (B)-cell function. In type I diabetes, a marked decrease in the number of B-cells is t...

OBJECTIVE To determine the epidemiology of type 1 diabetes in children in Philadelphia from 1990 to 1994, and to identify whether an epidemic occurred during that time period. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This is a descriptive epidemiological study using a retrospective population-based registry in Philadelphia, PA, a city with large white, African-American, and Hispanic (Puerto Rican) populat...

Type 2 diabetes is complex disorder which results from interaction between the genes and environment. The sudden increase in the incidence of diabetes across the world is attributed to multiple factors like rapid urbanisation, diet and lack of physical activity. Nevertheless, there are ample evidences that suggests diabetes to have a strong genetic basis. The incidence of diabetes is disproport...