Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous free radical which can have two opposite physiological roles in higher plants. While a high cellular production of NO can bring about extensive cellular damage, at low levels this compound is involved as a signal molecule in many important physiological processes. NO and a family of related molecules, including peroxynitrite (ONOO), S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and...

Overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can result from exposure to environmental pollutants, such as ionising and nonionising radiation, ultraviolet radiation, elevated concentrations of ozone, nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide, cigarette smoke, asbestos, particulate matter, pesticides, dioxins and furans, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and many other compounds present in the ...

It is generally acknowledged that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play crucial roles in a variety of natural processes in cells. If increased to levels which cannot be neutralized by the defense mechanisms, they damage biological molecules, alter their functions, and also act as signaling molecules thus generating a spectrum of pathologies. In this review, we summarize current data on oxidative s...

ϵ-Proteobacteria form a globally ubiquitous group of ecologically significant organisms and comprise a diverse range of host-associated and free-living species. To grow by anaerobic respiration, many ϵ-proteobacteria reduce nitrate to nitrite followed by either nitrite ammonification or denitrification. Using the ammonifying model organisms Wolinella succinogenes and Campylobacter jejuni, the e...

Introduction : This study was designed to evaluate the effect activity of RAIL-gel in comparison with Citicoline on nitroxydergic system during acute cerebrovascular accident. Methods In this study, 80 white nonlinear rats were randomly assigned 4 groups (20 each): 1) intact; 2) control - untreated accident (ACVA), examined th day; 3) animals ACVA, receiving RAIL, 18 4) treated Citicoline, day....

Background Nitrosative stress leads to protein glycoxidation, but both processes may be strongly related the cancer development. Therefore, aim of this study was assess nitrosative and glycoxidation products in patients with gastric comparison healthy controls. We are also first evaluate diagnostic utility markers respect histopathological classifications (TNM, Lauren’s Goseki’s classification)...

Oxidative stress, which is characterized by disruption of the oxidant/antioxidant balance, causes pathological processes, including toxicities induced certain mycotoxins. The present study was designed to investigate effects resveratrol on sirtuin deacetylases (SIRT2 and SIRT3), nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH) malondialdehyde (MDA) in fumonisin B1-induced hepatotoxicity. Regarding ...