We hypothesize that combining quantitative near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with established invasive techniques will enable advanced insights into renal hemodynamics and oxygenation in small animal models. We developed a NIRS technique to monitor absolute values of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin and of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin within the renal cortex of rats. This NIRS techniqu...

We used Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) to simultaneously measure brain activity in two people while they played a computer-based cooperation game side by side. Inter-brain activity coherence was calculated between the two participants. We found that the coherence between signals generated by participants' right superior frontal cortices increased during cooperation, but not during competitio...

Charged particles can achieve better dose distribution and higher biological effectiveness compared to photon radiotherapy. Carbon ions are considered an optimal candidate for cancer treatment using particles. The National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) in Chiba, Japan was the first radiotherapy hospital dedicated for carbon ion treatments in the world. Since its establishment in 199...

Introduction The FORE-SIGHT monitor measures absolute cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (SctO2) of the frontal lobes of the brain, in a non-invasive way, through near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) [1]. Its value for early detection of hemodynamic deterioration in the postoperative phase after congenital cardiac surgery has never been examined. In a prospective observational study [2], 300 mechan...

A multidetector, continuous wave, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system is developed to examine whether the hemodynamics of the scalp and brain in adults contain significant layer-like hemodynamic trends. NIRS measurements are made using contrasting geometries, one with four detectors equidistant from a source 33 mm away, and one with detectors collinear with the source (5 to 33 mm away). Wh...

Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an emerging imaging technique that is relatively inexpensive, portable, and particularly well suited for collecting data in ecological settings. Therefore, it holds promise as a potential neurodiagnostic for young children. We set out to explore whether NIRS could be utilized in assessing the risk of developmental psychopathology in young children. A growing...

The neurodevelopmental outcome of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants is a major clinical concern with many infants displaying neurobehavioral deficits in childhood. Functional neuroimaging may provide early recognition of neural deficits in high-risk infants. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has the advantage of providing functional neuroimaging in infants at the bedside. However, lim...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is increasingly used as a non-invasive technique for monitoring cerebral oxygenation and haemodynamics . Simple continuous-wave (CW) NIRS systems utilising differential spectroscopy can measure quantitative changes in oxyand deoxyhaemoglobin (∆[O2Hb], ∆[HHb]) but only from an arbitrary baseline. Numerous studies of changes in cerebral oxygenation and haemodynam...

Brain activity can be monitored non-invasively by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), which has several advantages in comparison with other imaging methods, such as flexibility, portability, low cost and biochemical specificity. Moreover, patients and children can be repetitively examined. Therefore, the objective of the study was to test the feasibility of NIRS for the event-related approach in...

AIM Short sleep duration is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Cerebral blood flow and its regulation are affected by pathological conditions commonly observed in the elderly population, such as dementia, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus (DM), stroke, and hypertension. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of sleep duration on cortical oxygenated hemoglobin (OxyHb) us...