BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Perinatal outcomes have improved in developed countries but remain poor for disadvantaged populations. We examined whether an unconditional income supplement to low-income pregnant women was associated with improved birth outcomes. METHODS This study included all mother-newborn pairs (2003-2010) in Manitoba, Canada, where the mother received prenatal social assistanc...

OBJECTIVE Estimation of the maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and its influence on pregnancy duration, birthweight and Apgar score of the newborn. STUDY DESIGN The research was conducted on pregnant women who gave birth at the Clinic of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw. It covered unifetal pregnancies without diseases (N=509)....

Transition from placental to pulmonary oxygenation at birth depends on a rapid removal of fetal lung fluid from the developing alveoli. Alveolar fluid clearance was examined in ventilated, anesthetized developing guinea pigs of the ages newborn, 2-d-old, 5-d-old, 30-d-old, and 60-d-old (adult). An isosmolar 5% albumin solution was instilled into the lungs of the guinea pigs; the guinea pigs wer...

BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important part in lowering pulmonary vascular resistance after birth, and in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), NO-mediated dilation is dysfunctional. The endogenous NO synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) circulates in plasma, and its concentrations are elevated in certain cardiovascular diseases, including pulmonary ...

PULMONARY vascular changes often help to explain the circulatory abnormalities that develop in certain persons with congenital cardiac anomalies. Although such vascular changes have been described in some persons with coaretation of the aorta and distal patent ductus arteriosus,1-5 the cause of the pulmonary hypertension in other cases has remained obscure." 6 None of the reported studies of th...

The major causes of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in children are congenital heart defect (CHD) and PH associated with prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and PAH associated with genetic mutations are also known to manifest in the pediatric age group. This review will mainly discuss the problems en...

introduction: the fetus needs a considerable amount of cholesterol for the development of tissues and organs.  studies have suggested that genetic and environmental factors influence the composition of cord blood lipoproteins.  in this study, we aim to assess the effect of gestational age, sex and birth weight on the cord blood lipoproteins. methods: we collected umbilical cord blood samples fr...

In contrast to many other organs, a significant portion of lung development occurs after birth during alveolarization, thus rendering the lung highly susceptible to injuries that may disrupt this developmental process. Premature birth heightens this susceptibility, with many premature infants developing the chronic lung disease, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a disease characterized by arres...

background maternal passive smoking or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke may be a risk factor for maternal and newborn morbidity. objectives the current study aimed to assess the relationship between preterm delivery and tobacco smoke exposure in pregnant woman referring to the shabih-khani maternity hospital in kashan, iran. patients and methods an analytical retrospective cohort study w...