Background: Symptoms of covid persist in most cases with development a multisystem syndrome called long syndrome. Objective: The aim the work was to evaluate symptoms that after acute stage disease cohort patients confirmed or suspected COVID 19 and define predictors for Patients method: This retrospective study involved 164 previously highly still attending post outpatient clinic El-Minia Univ...

Journal of Psychopathology 2013;19:359-362 Summary The corpus callosum, which is the largest white matter structure in the brain of all placental mammals, connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres. An alteration in its morphology, hypoconnectivity or hyperconnectivity is a common marker of various neuropsychiatric pathologies. One of these is Aicardi syndrome, which is characterized by a...

Microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, are phagocytes of the macrophage lineage that have a key role in responding to inflammation and immune challenge in the brain. More recently, they have been shown to have a number of important roles beyond immune surveillance and response, including synaptic pruning during development and the support of adult neurogenesis. Microglial abnormalities h...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect any organ or system. Neuropsychiatric and pulmonary involvement can occur in 40 and 50% of patients respectively, and may occur in several different clinical forms. While the main neuropsychiatric manifestations are represented by cognitive impairment, organic cerebral syndromes, delirium, psychosis, seizures, and perip...

Despite continued debates about the role of Group A streptococcal infections in the etiopathogenesis of PANDAS (Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal infections), experts on both sides of the controversy agree that a subgroup of children with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have an unusually abrupt onset of symptoms, accompanied by a variety of compar...

INTRODUCTION Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) is characterized by the sudden onset of severe obsessive-compulsive symptoms and/or eating restriction along with at least two coinciding neuropsychiatric symptoms. When associated with group A Streptococcus, the syndrome is labeled Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Streptococcal infections (PANDAS)...

Pharyngitis and tonsillitis, regardless of their aetiology, are one the most frequent reasons for visiting a family doctor or paediatrician. Nearly 85% pharyngitis cases viral. It is estimated that bacterial throat infection occurs in 15% schoolage children 4–10% adult patients. Streptococcus pyogenes common cause pharyngitis. PANDAS stands paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders assoc...

To the Editor: Homicide committed by older adults is an extreme and infrequent outcome of violence that has a prevalence ranging from 1% to 4%.1–4 An association of mild and moderate dementia with homicide has been reported.1,2,5–9 Although risk factors of homicide in demented patients remain unknown, dysexecutive syndrome could be a cause. The reported case highlights this issue and shows that...

Sydenham's chorea (SC) occurs weeks or months after Group A streptococcal infection, and is characterized by involuntary, purposeless movements of the limbs, in addition to behavioural alteration. There is a body of evidence which suggests that SC is an immune-mediated brain disorder with regional localization to the basal ganglia. Recent reports have suggested that the spectrum of post-strepto...