The pons region of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain is one of the last to show amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits and has been suggested to contain neuroprotective compounds. Kisspeptin (KP) is a hormone that activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and has been suggested to be neuroprotective against Aβ toxicity. The localization of KP, plus the established endogenous neuroprotective compounds...

Chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is a common adverse effect of cancer treatment. No medication has been shown to be effective in the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity. This study aimed to discover potential neuroprotective drugs for paclitaxel-induced neurotoxicity. An image-based high-content platform was first developed to screen for potential neuroprotective dru...

The neuroprotective properties of drugs binding to FKBP12, with and without subsequent inhibition of calcineurin, were investigated in rat models of ischemic embolic stroke. Drug effects on brain infarct volumes evoked by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and by permanent MCAO were determined in vivo by T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and post mortem by triphenyltetrazoli...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor inhibition has been hypothesized to provide neuroprotective efficacy after cerebral ischemia on the basis of the activity in experimental ischemia models of a variety of compounds with varying selectivity for AMPA over other glutamate receptor subtypes. CP-465,022 is a new, potent, and selective nonc...

Delayed remote ischemic postconditioning (DRIPost) has been shown to protect the rat brain from ischemic injury. However, extremely short therapeutic time windows hinder its translational use and the mechanism of action remains elusive. Because opening of the mitochondria K(ATP) channel is crucial for cell apoptosis, we hypothesized that the neuroprotective effect of DRIPost may be associated w...

BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the common neurodegenerative disorders among elderly. The purpose of this study was to determine the neuroprotective effect and mechanisms of action underlying the Terminalia chebula extracts and ellagic acid by using beta-amyloid25-35 (Aβ25-35)-induced cell toxicity in an undifferentiated pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS T...

Epidemiological studies have revealed a significantly reduced risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) among coffee and tobacco users, although it is unclear whether these correlations reflect neuroprotective/symptomatic effects of these agents or preexisting differences in the brains of tobacco and coffee users. Here, we report that coffee and tobacco, but not caffeine or nicotine, are neuroprotective...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by primary and secondary injury mechanisms. TBI induces a certain amount of inflammatory responses and glutamate excitotoxicity that are believed to participate in the pathogenesis of secondary injury. The non‐narcotic anti‐tussive drug dextromethorphan (DM) has been reported to have a high safety profile in humans and its neuroprotective against a variety...

Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are designed to prevent and suppress seizure activity. Their effects on calcium influx and molecular cascades contributing to necrotic and apoptotic neuronal death, however, suggests that they have functions other than just suppression of excitability. The neuroprotective effects of 20 AEDs currently in use or being investigated in Phase II - III clinical trials for t...

Polyphenols have been shown to have some of the neuroprotective effects against neurodegenerative diseases. These effects are attributed to a variety of biological activities, including free radical scavenging/antioxidant and anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. In this regard, many efforts have been made to study the effects of various well-known dietary polyphenols on spinal cord ...