background and objective: sensory neurons have critical role in improvement of functional outcome of any neuroprotective strategy. the herbal medicine nepeta menthoides has been reported to have anti-apoptotic effect on axotomized spinal motoneurons. in the present study, the putative neuroprotective effect of nepeta menthoides on the axotomized dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons in neonate r...

a common pathological process that occurred after brain injury is gliosis. gliosis involves the activation of glial cells to proliferate and become hypertrophic to occupy the injured brain areas. in order to form a defense system against the invasion of micro-organisms and cytotoxins into surrounding tissue, glial cells including astrocytes and microglia undergo reactive response to injury. neu...

objective: it is well known that intracerebroventricular (icv) and supraspinal injections of orexin-a elicit analgesia, but the mechanism(s) of action remains unidentified. this study aims to characterize the effect of orexin-a on rostral ventromedial medulla (rvm) neurons which are involved in the descending nociception modulating pathway. materials and methods: in this experimental study, we ...

introduction: alzheimer’s disease (ad) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, which has much benefited from animal models to find the basics of its pathophysiology. in our previous work (haghani, shabani, javan, motamedi, & janahmadi, 2012), a non-transgenic rat model of ad was used in electrophysiological studies. however, we did not investigate the histological aspects in the ...

Objective(s): Widely used Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) enter into the body and cause various organ damages. Therefore, we aimed to study the effect of TiO2 on the substantia nigra of midbrain. Materials and Methods: 40 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: three groups received TiO2 at doses of 10, 25, and 50 ...

Background: Seizure is a chronic neurological disease that may have non-neurological origins such as astrocytes and microglia. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of alone and co-administration of cabergoline and levetiracetam on the histological and stereological structure of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum following chronic seizures in rat. Methods...

Spiking artificial neurons emulate the voltage spikes of biological and constitute building blocks a new class energy efficient, neuromorphic computing systems. Antiferromagnetic materials can, in theory, be used to construct spiking neurons. When configured as neuron, magnetization antiferromagnetic has an effective inertia that gives them intrinsic characteristics closely resemble neurons, co...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the degeneration of upper motor neurons in brainstem and spinal cord lower neurons. ALS was first described Jean-Martin Charcot 1874 based on clinical features postmortem examinations. In 1990, diagnostic criteria for were developed features. Subsequently, three additional published. this article, we...