PART II: ACQUIRED BRAIN-BASED COMMUNICATION DISORDERS: WHAT DO THESE DISORDERS LOOK LIKE AND SOUND LIKE? 4 Aphasia 81 5 Nonfocal Brain Damage: Communication Disorders and a World 101 of Other Problems 6 Right Hemisphere Syndrome 125 7 Acquired Aphasia in Childhood 151 8 Motor Speech Disorders in Adults: Dysarthrias and Apraxia of Speech 165 9 Motor Speech Disorders in Childhood 187 10 Acquired ...

Functional neurological disorder (FND) may mimic various kinds of neurologic diseases and coexist with other disorders. In cases overlapped by FND, it might be challenging to distinguish symptoms induced FND those underlying disorders, especially when patients show no positive signs indicative FND. Here, we present the case a patient who was genetically diagnosed paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskines...

For many years, there were no guidelines for evaluating patients with chronic neck pain. However, in the past 15 years, considerable research has led to recommendations regarding whiplash-associated disorders. This article summarizes the American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria for chronic neck pain. Imaging plays an important role in evaluating patients with chronic neck pain. Fi...

OBJECTIVES To further characterize mtDNA defects associated with autistic features, especially the A3243G mtDNA mutation and mtDNA depletion.Study design Five patients with autistic spectrum disorders and family histories of mitochondrial DNA diseases were studied. We performed mtDNA analysis in all patients and magnetic resonance spectroscopy in three. RESULTS Three patients manifested isola...

Although movement disorders do not usually present as neurologic emergencies, there are times when the abrupt onset of an unusual movement abnormality results in emergency department or intensive care unit consultations. Part 1 of this review discussed hypokinetic movement disorders emergencies. Part 2 provides a diagnostic approach to the recognition and treatment of hyperkinetic movement diso...

Objective: Malformations of cortical development (MCD) are rare central nervous system abnormalities that caused by disruption normal stages, including neural cell proliferation, type differentiation, neuronal migration, and final positioning. It has different phenotypic presentations which largely depend on the underlying cause disorder is associated with other neurologic systemic disorders. M...