background: pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pnens) are increasing in the world. the annual incidence of pnets is nearly 0.25 per 100 000 population. 1-2% of pancreatic neoplasms are pnens. materials and methods: this article reviewed the available original and review literatures which had been published in persian and english in websites of google scholar, iran doc and pub med with keyword...