The meaning of health for wildlife and perspectives on how to assess and measure health, are not well characterized. For wildlife at risk, such as some polar bear (Ursus maritimus) subpopulations, establishing comprehensive monitoring programs that include health status is an emerging need. Environmental changes, especially loss of sea ice habitat, have raised concern about polar bear health. E...

This paper reports the protective effect of the phenolic fraction extracted from extra virgin olive oils (OOPEs) against the cytotoxic effects of reactive oxygen species in human erythrocytes and Caco-2 cells, employed as model systems. Pretreatment of cells with various OOPEs, indeed, provides a remarkable protection against oxidative damages: this effect was strictly dependent on the o-diphen...

TECHNICAL) This report has characterized performance in terms of attention and memory, categorizing extrinsic mechanisms mediated by ACTH, norepinephrine and dopamine, and intrinsic mechanisms as cholinergic. The cholinergic role in memory and performance has been viewed from within the limbic system and related to volitional influences of frontal cortical afferents and behavioral responses of ...

objective(s): nowadays much effort is being invested in order to diagnose the mechanisms involved in neural differentiation. by clarifying this, making desired neural cells in vitro and applying them into diverse neurological disorders suffered from neural cell malfunctions could be a feasible choice. thus, the present study assessed the capability of fetal brain extract (fbe) to induce rat bon...

Environmental enrichment (EE) housing paradigms have long been shown beneficial for brain function involving neural growth and activity, learning and memory capacity, and for developing stress resiliency. The expression of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit GluA2, which is important for synaptic plasticity and memory, is increased with corticosteron...

rainfall deficiency and the development of salinity in iran are the most important factors for using new salt and drought-resistant plants instead of conventional crops. kochia species have recently attracted the attention of researchers as a forage and fodder crop in marginal lands worldwide due to its drought and salt tolerant characteristics. this field experiment was performed at the salini...

Background & Aims: Today, due to the modern industrial life of human beings, stress has become prevalent among them and they will suffer from its complications. Exposure to stress during pregnancy can change many babies' normal physiological processes. The separate and combined effects of three common types of prenatal stress were investigated on motor learning of male offspring of rats. Method...

Individuals often eat calorically dense, highly palatable "comfort" foods during stress for stress relief. This article demonstrates that palatable food intake (limited intake of sucrose drink) reduces neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and behavioral responses to stress in rats. Artificially sweetened (saccharin) drink reproduces the stress dampening, whereas oral intragastric gavage of sucrose i...

objective :post traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) may be the first reaction after disasters. many studies have shown the efficacy of cognitive- behavioral therapy in treatment of post traumatic stress disorder. the main objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of group cbt in adolescent survivors of a large scale disaster (bam earthquake). methods: in a controlled trial, we evaluated th...

the purpose of the present study is to compare the changes in b-value parameter using frequency-magnitude distribution for the data before and after the silakhor earthquake by gutenberg-richter relation. the variations of b-values are investigated using broadband iranian national seismic network center (bin). besides, spatial and time variations of the parameters were analyzed. the spatial vari...