Casparian bands of endodermis and exodermis play crucial roles in blocking apoplastic movement of ions and water into the stele of roots through the cortex. These apoplastic barriers differ considerably in structure and function along the developing root. The present study assessed net Na+ fluxes in anatomically distinct root zones of rice seedlings and analyzed parts of individual roots showin...

In narrow pore ion channels, ions and water molecules diffuse in a single-file manner and cannot pass each other. Under such constraints, ion and water fluxes are coupled, leading to experimentally observable phenomena such as the streaming potential. Analysis of this coupled flux would provide unprecedented insights into the mechanism of permeation. In this study, ion and water permeation thro...

We employ a 3-dimensional magnetohydrostatic model of a horizontal flux tube, embedded in a magnetic surrounding atmosphere, to successfully reproduce the azimuthal and center-to-limb variations of the Net Circular Polarization observed in sunspot penumbrae. This success is partly due to the realistic modeling of the interaction between the flux tube and the surrounding magnetic field. Subject ...

Marine boundary layer (BL) clouds profoundly influence the global shortwave (SW) radiation budget through their effect on albedo, but a significant source of turbulent energy to the BL and the clouds themselves is longwave (LW) cloud top cooling. Cloudy regions can be thought of as radiating as blackbodies in the LW, with a net radiative flux of nearly zero inside the cloud itself and a signifi...

We examined annual nutrient changes (nitrate, phosphate and ammonium) and the net dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (DON) and phosphorus (DOP) release using in situ benthic incubations in a Posidonia oceanica meadow and in unvegetated sediments of Magalluf Bay (Mallorca Island, Spain) at monthly intervals. We also examined the role of the P. oceanica meadow in the C:N:P ratio transformat...

The net release of insulin, glucagon and somatostatin by the portal-drained viscera (PDV) and their net uptake by the liver in response to 3-d abomasal infusions of casein were measured in seven multicatheterized beef steers. The steers were fed 4.3 kg DM/d of a high-concentrate diet in 12 equal meals (13.1 Mcal ME/d and 95 g N/d). In two separate experiments, the abomasal infusion of 300 g cas...

The effects of both an H1 receptor antagonist and an H2 receptor antagonist on changes in monovalent ion flux induced by topical sodium taurocholate were studied in antrectomised dogs fashioned with a denervated fundic pouch. The magnitude of taurocholateinduced ion flux was unaffected by topical administration of H1 or H2 receptor antagonists. Parenteral administration of H1 or H2 receptor ant...