a rare anatomical innervation of the musculocutaneous nerve m.m. taghavi msc , m. shariati kohbanani msc , s.m. seyedmirzaee md received: 24/09/06 sent for revision: 20/02/07 received revised manuscript: 07/04/07 accepted: 27/05/07 background and objectives: anatomically the musculocutaneous nerve (c5,6 ) is a branch of lateral cord of the brachial plexus and its motor nerve fibers innervates t...

I ntraocular pressure (IOP) is well known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of some forms of glaucoma. Furthermore, significant, sustained pressure reduction is known to be beneficial in the clinical management of glaucoma patients. 1 Less well understood is the mechanism by which elevated IOP leads to the loss of retinal ganglion cells that is the hallmark of glaucomatous optic neu...

background and objective: sciatic nerve transection is characterized by a rapid wave of motoneuron death associated with progressive synaptic lesions. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the long term synaptic changes. materials and methods: this basic study was carried out on paraffin- or resin-embedded tissue blocks for evaluation of synaptophysin and choline acetyl transaferase (chat) ...

we present a case of unexpectedly prolonged motor and sensory block following a successful single injection ultrasound – guided infraclavicular block with bupivacaine (0.25%) and dexamethasone (8 mg). ultrasound guidance and safety measurement such as injection of the local anaesthetic at a slow rate and verifying that usual resistance was felt throughout the injection, has been applied. it too...

the distal third of the tibia, ankle and heel area is difficult to reconstruct. for small to medium size defects, local flaps are often an easier alternative than free flap. in lower limb surgery, the sural flap is based on this principle and this flap is becoming increasingly popular. the distally based superficial sural artery flap, first described as a distally based neuro skin flap by masqu...

While excessive tensile strain can be detrimental to nerve function, strain can be a positive regulator of neuronal outgrowth. We used an in vivo rat model of sciatic nerve strain to investigate signaling mechanisms underlying peripheral nerve response to deformation. Nerves were deformed by 11% and did not demonstrate deficits in compound action potential latency or amplitude during or after 6...

objective: as effectiveness of the autologous graft in the repair of long nerve defects is very limited an effective substitute is needed. this study was conducted to determine the poled polyvinylidene fluoride (pvdf) tube as an alternative to nerve autograft. materials and methods: the left sciatic nerve was transected in 45 male wistar rats. the animals were then divided randomly into three g...