objective(s) cyclooxygenases  (coxs) are known to play some roles in physiological mechanisms related to learning and memory. since sodium salicylate is an inhibitor of cox, we have evaluated the effect of peripheral and intra-hippocampal administration of sodium salicylate on spatial learning and memory in male rats. materials and methods male rats were studied in two groups; the first group r...

Objective(s) Diabetes mellitus is associated with disturbances of learning and memory and cognitive functioning. Aegle marmelos Corr. from Rutaceae family is widely used in Iranian folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Considering the beneficial antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of A. marmelos, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of oral administration of A. ma...

Introduction: Synaptic plasticity has been suggested as the primary physiological mechanism underlying memory formation. Many experimental approaches have been used to investigate whether the mechanisms underlying long-term potentiation (LTP) are activated during learning. Nevertheless, little evidence states that hippocampal-dependent learning triggers synaptic plasticity. In this study, we in...

Introduction: The brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been reported having a pathological role in age-related impairment in learning and memory. Therefore, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) are expected to have positive effects on memory. Longtime treatment with captopril (an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) significantly attenuates the age-related impairment in learn...

melissa officinalis l. (labiatae) traditionally used in treating neurological disorders has also been identified as a memory-enhancing herb. the extract of m. officinalis has a cholinergic property. the role of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, the neurons that are destroyed in alzheimer’s disease (ad), in learning and memory, is also well known. the aim of this study is to investigate the r...

Abstract Background and Objective: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a weakening neurodegenerative disorder typified by increased b-amyloid (Ab) deposition and neuronal dysfunction causing to impaired learning and memory. Among proposed risk factors, induced oxidative stress is a main cause for incidence of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the rosmarinic acid on lear...

background and aim: although recent research has revealed the positive effects of bilin­gualism on children's cognitive abilities, little information is available on the relationship bet­ween bilingualism and working memory. working memory is generally composed of four dis­tinct parts, among which the phonological loop plays an important role in speech and language development, reading skills, ...