The effect of circulating passive antibody on immunity to bovine rotavirus infections in neonatal calves was investigated. In the first experiment, rotavirus antibody titers in the small intestinal lumina of 5- and 10-day-old calves with a wide range of serum rotavirus antibody titers were determined. Neutralizing antibody was present in the small intestinal lumina in titers that correlated wit...

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are pathogens of significant public health concern. Several studies have confirmed that cattle are the main reservoir of STEC in Argentina and other countries. Although Shiga toxins represent the primary virulence factors of STEC, the adherence and colonization of the gut are also important in the pathogenesis of the bacteria. The aim of this study ...

Milk replacers (MR) formulated to contain more lactose than whole milk could potentially reduce insulin sensitivity in dairy calves. This study evaluated how partially replacing MR with fat on a weight/weight basis affects glucose–insulin kinetics neonatal calves fed high quantities of MR. Thirty-four Holstein bull were blocked by dam parity (1.6 ± 0.3) and randomly assigned 1 2 treatments (n =...

Colostrum management is the single most important management factor in determining calf health and survival. Unfortunately, a significant proportion of North American dairy calves suffer from failure of passive transfer of antibodies from colostrum, contributing to excessively high preweaning mortality rates and other short- and long-term losses associated with animal health, welfare, and produ...

Stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), are among the most damaging arthropod pests of cattle worldwide. The last estimate of their economic impact on United States cattle production was published 20 yr ago and placed losses at $608 million. Subsequently, several studies of effects of stable flies on beef cattle weight gain and feed efficiency have been published, and stable flies have become i...

Mammalians undergo dramatic organ-specific as well as metabolic and endocrine changes after birth. Nutrient intake shifts from continuous glucose supply via the placenta to discontinuous colostrum and milk intake with lactose and fat as main energy sources. The development of the neonatal calf is influenced by colostrum intake when compared with colostrum replacement diets. Besides establishing...