Gene expression is tightly regulated in a tuneable, cell-specific and time-dependent manner. Recent advancement in epigenetics and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) revolutionized the concept of gene regulation. In order to regulate the transcription, ncRNA can promptly response to the extracellular signals as compared to transcription factors present in the cells. microRNAs (miRNAs) are ncRNA (~22 bp) en...

A large fraction of non-coding RNAs is short and/or poorly conserved in sequence. Most of the longer examples, furthermore, consist of a collection of conserved structural motifs rather than a coherent globally conserved secondary structure. As a consequence, the conceptually simple problem of homology search becomes a complex and technically demanding task. Despite the best efforts of database...

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of transcribed RNA molecules without protein-coding potential. They were regarded as transcriptional noise, or the byproduct of genetic information flow from DNA to protein for a long time. However, in recent years, a number of studies have shown that ncRNAs are pervasively transcribed, and most of them show evidence of evolutionary conservation, although le...

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are transcripts that function directly as RNA molecule without ever being translated to protein. The transcriptional output of eukaryotic cells is diverse, pervasive, and multi-layered. It consists of spliced as well as unspliced transcripts of both protein-coding messenger RNAs and functional ncRNAs. However, it also contains degradable non-functional by-products and a...