background: natural killer (nk) cells play an important role in early stages of innate immune responses against viral and tumoral attacks. activation of nk cells by leishmaniasis results in secretion of cytokines such as interferon (ifn)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-α, which enhances the phagocytosis and clear­ance of parasite. lipophosphoglycan 3 (lpg3), the leishmania homologous with grp...

Objective: Malaria is an infectious disease commonplace in tropical countries. For many years, major antimalarial drugs consisted of natural products, but since 1930s these drugs have been largely replaced with a series of synthetic drugs. This article tries to briefly indicate that some plants which previously were used to treat malaria, as a result of deficiencies of synthetic drugs, have rev...

What does libertarian theory, Murray Rothbard’s theory in particular, tell us about the rights of children? The two foundational principles of Rothbardian libertarianism are the sanctity of private property and the rule of non-aggression. Persons, including children, are “self-owners”. Yet children, at a young age, are not yet capable of functioning fully as “self-owners.” They must be cared fo...

what does libertarian theory, murray rothbard’s theory in particular, tell us about the rights of children? the two foundational principles of rothbardian libertarianism are the sanctity of private property and the rule of non-aggression. persons, including children, are “self-owners”. yet children, at a young age, are not yet capable of functioning fully as “self-owners.” they must be cared fo...

annually, many women become pregnant worldwide; however, pregnancy and childbirth is not a pleasant event for all them. in fact, more than 90% of maternal anxiety could be related to the delivery process. it should be noted that delivery is also a stressful event that sometimes, due to different reasons and in order to avoid its potential hazards which could threaten the lives of mother and bab...

in this article the influence of the equipped playgrounds has been compared with natural playgrounds. playing and moving are the main activity in a young child’s life. allowing children to experience the natural and man-made elements in their living environment generates cognitive and social skills development and increases their educational qualities. today, in iran most spaces for children’s ...

introduction natural and artificial radionuclides are the main sources of human radiation exposure, which enter the food chain from the environment. radionuclides can affect human health by transferring from soil to plants and entering the human body. in this research study, we aimed to determine the activity concentrations of radionuclides and calculate the average annual committed effective d...

One of the main ideas of calculi of natural deduction, as introduced by Jaskowski and Gentzen, is that assumptions may be discharged in the course of a derivation. As regards sentential logic, this conception will be extended in so far as not only formulas but also rules may serve as assumptions which can be discharged. The resulting calculi and derivations with rules of any finite level are in...

This paper starts with a brief history of Natural Logic from its origins to the most recent work on implicatives. It then describes on-going attempts to represent the meanings of so-called ‘evaluative adjectives’ in these terms based on what linguists have traditionally assumed about constructions such as NP was stupid to VP, NP was not lucky to VP that have been described as factive. It turns ...

In functional genomics studies, research is dedicated to unveiling the function of genes using gene-knockouts, model organisms in which a gene is artificially inactivated. The idea is that, by knocking out the gene, the provoked phenotype would inform us about the function of the gene. Still, the function of many genes cannot be elucidated, because disruption of conserved sequences, including p...