Embryos excised from mature Pinus radiata D. Don seeds were cultured in a small volume of a nutrient medium contained in a small aluminium capsule to form an artificial seed. The embryos developed with normal morphology, although not as large as those from natural seeds. All plants from artificial seeds formed roots in sterile soil. The growth of embryos placed radicle-down into the same agarif...

A modern biotechnological technique to obtain useful natural products from plants is to isolate them from their callus cultures. Lallemantia iberica is an annual herb of the Lamiaceae family known for its stimulant, diuretic, and expectorant effects in Iranian folk medicine. The present study investigated the induction of plant callus tissue and identification of its volatile compounds. For thi...

For sexual reproduction of Allium hirtifolium, collected bulbs were planted in the field. In order to develop ovary embryo and seed setting, control self-pollination and natural open pollination took placed using honey bees under cages. Ovary development and seed setting of A. hirtifolium extraordinary were affected by pollination and there was a significant difference between mean effect of se...

The minimal requirements for growth of many Proteus strains were found by Fildes (1938) to be satisfied by a medium containing minerals, ammonium salts, lactate, and nicotinic acid. L type colonies, however, have only been grown on natural media, usually containing 10 to 20 per cent animal blood serum or other body fluids. Dienes and Weinberger (1951) state that Proteus 3B L type colonies will ...

A new method was developed for the isolation and enumeration of Bifidobacterium spp. from natural aquatic environments. The method was based on the utilization of a new medium, Bifidobacterium iodoacetate medium 25, and resuscitation techniques were used to isolate injured bifidobacteria. The new medium was tested with a nonselective reference medium on sewage and sewage-polluted surface waters...

A medium for the selective isolation and enumeration of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare and M. scrofulaceum (MAIS) was developed, based upon the ability of these mycobacteria to utilize Tween 80 as sole carbon source and grow optimally at pH 5.5 on a simple mineral salts medium. Representative MAIS strains had higher efficiencies of plating on the Tween 80 medium compared with Middlebrook 7H...

numerical study of double-diffusive natural convective heat transfer in a curved cavity filledwith a porous medium has been carried out in the current study. polar system has beenselected as coordinate system. as a result, all equations have been discredited in r and θdirections. brinkmann extended darcy model has been utilized to express fluid flow inporous matrix in the enclosure. smaller and...

Nonlocal vibration of double-smart nanobeam-systems (DSNBSs) under a moving nanoparticle is investigated in the present study based on Timoshenko beam model. The  two  smart  nanobeams (SNB) are  coupled  by  an  enclosing  elastic  medium  which  is  simulated  by  Pasternak foundation. The energy method and Hamilton’s principle are used to establish the equations of motion. The detailed param...

in all biological systems growth is defined as increase of chemical compounds. bacteria can achieve to balanced growth if they are growing in a medium, which are completely adapted to it. clostridium chauvoei, (clostridium feseri) is an anaerobic, spore forming, motile, and polymorph bacteria, which its size varies from 0.5-1 to 3-8 micron and could be observed as individual bacterium, diplo, a...

Background: There is a growing demand for mass production of shikalkin (a natural pigment consisted of shikonin and alkannin) due to its increasing applications in cosmetics, pharmaceutical and nutrition industries. The root of Iranian Arnebia euchroma produces shikalkin. The promising capability of this plant for shikalkin production has already been demonstrated in cell culture studies. Obje...